二十國集團領導人杭州峰會公報（全文）
Full text: G20 Leaders' Communique, Hangzhou Summit
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| 9月4日，二十國集團領導人第十一次峰會在杭州國際博覽中心舉行。這是二十國集團成員和嘉賓國領導人、有關國際組織負責人集體合影。 [新華社] Chinese President Xi Jinping and other leaders of the Group of 20 (G20) members, some guest countries and international organizations pose for a group photo ahead of the opening ceremony of the G20 summit in Hangzhou, capital of east China's Zhejiang Province, Sept. 4, 2016. [Photo/Xinhua] |
![9月4日，二十國集團領導人第十一次峰會在杭州國際博覽中心舉行。這是二十國集團成員和嘉賓國領導人、有關國際組織負責人集體合影。 [新華社]](http://images.china.cn/site1007/2016-09/07/b8aeed9904561939b4e711.jpg "9月4日，二十國集團領導人第十一次峰會在杭州國際博覽中心舉行。這是二十國集團成員和嘉賓國領導人、有關國際組織負責人集體合影。 [新華社]")
| 1.我們，二十國集團領導人，于2016年9月4日至5日在中國杭州相聚。 | 1. We, the Leaders of the G20, met in Hangzhou, China on 4-5 September 2016.? |
| 2.我們相聚在全球經濟繼續復蘇、部分經濟體抗風險能力加強、增長新動能開始出現的時刻。但經濟增長仍弱于預期。金融市場潛在動蕩、大宗商品價格波動、貿易和投資低迷、一些國家生產力及就業增長緩慢等下行風險猶存。地緣政治走向、難民增加以及恐怖主義沖突等挑戰導致全球經濟前景復雜化。 | 2. We met at a time when the global economic recovery is progressing, resilience is improved in some economies and new sources for growth are emerging. But growth is still weaker than desirable. Downside risks remain due to potential volatility in the financial markets, fluctuations of commodity prices, sluggish trade and investment, and slow productivity and employment growth in some countries. Challenges originating from geopolitical developments, increased refugee flows as well as terrorism and conflicts also complicate the global economic outlook. |
| 3.我們相聚在世界經濟版圖持續變化和全球增長動力大轉型的重要時刻。這一轉變帶來挑戰和不確定性，同時也蘊含機遇。值此時刻，我們所作出的決定事關能否有效應對當今世界諸多挑戰，也關乎如何塑造世界經濟未來。 | 3. We also met at a time of continued shifts and profound transformations in the configuration of the global economic landscape and dynamics for growth. With these transformations come challenges and uncertainties as well as opportunities. The choices we make together will determine the effectiveness of our response to the challenges of today and help to shape the world economy of the future. |
| 4.我們堅信，二十國集團建立更緊密伙伴關系，攜手行動，將為世界經濟增長傳遞信心，提供動力，增進合作，促進普遍繁榮，造福各國人民。 | 4. We believe that closer partnership and joint action by G20 members will boost confidence in, foster driving forces for and intensify cooperation on global economic growth, contributing to shared prosperity and better well-being of the world. |
| 5.我們決心構建創新、活力、聯動、包容的世界經濟，并結合2030年可持續發展議程、亞的斯亞貝巴行動議程和《巴黎協定》，開創全球經濟增長和可持續發展的新時代。 | 5. We are determined to foster an innovative, invigorated, interconnected and inclusive world economy to usher in a new era of global growth and sustainable development, taking into account the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, the Addis Ababa Action Agenda and the Paris Agreement. |
| 6.為此，二十國集團作為國際經濟合作主要論壇，同意根據以下原則，就推動世界經濟強勁、可持續、平衡和包容增長的一攬子政策和措施形成“杭州共識”： | 6. In this context, we, the G20, as the premier forum for international economic cooperation, forge a comprehensive and integrated narrative for strong, sustainable, balanced and inclusive growth, and thereby adopt the attached package of policies and actions - the Hangzhou Consensus - based on the following: |
| ——放眼長遠。我們將完善二十國集團增長議程，發掘增長新動力，開辟新增長點，以創新和可持續的方式推動經濟轉型，更好地維護當代和子孫后代共同利益。 | ----Vision. We will strengthen the G20 growth agenda to catalyze new drivers of growth, open up new horizons for development, lead the way in transforming our economies in a more innovative and sustainable manner and better reflect shared interests of both present and coming generations. |
| ——綜合施策。我們將創新經濟增長理念和政策，財政、貨幣和結構性改革政策相互配合，經濟、勞動、就業和社會政策保持一致，需求管理和供給側改革并重，短期政策與中長期政策結合，經濟社會發展與環境保護共進。 | ----Integration. We will pursue innovative growth concepts and policies by forging synergy among fiscal, monetary and structural policies, enhancing coherence between economic, labor, employment and social policies as well as combining demand management with supply side reforms, short-term with mid- to long-term policies, economic growth with social development and environmental protection. |
| ——擴大開放。我們將繼續努力建設開放型世界經濟，反對保護主義，促進全球貿易和投資，加強多邊貿易體制，確保全球化背景下的經濟增長提供惠及更多人的機遇、得到公眾普遍支持。 | ----Openness. We will work harder to build an open world economy, reject protectionism, promote global trade and investment, including through further strengthening the multilateral trading system, and ensure broad-based opportunities through and public support for expanded growth in a globalized economy. |
| ——包容發展。我們將確保經濟增長的成果普惠共享，滿足各國和全體人民尤其是婦女、青年和弱勢群體的需要，創造更多高質量就業，消除貧困，解決經濟發展中的不平等現象，不讓任何國家、任何人掉隊。 | ----Inclusiveness. We will work to ensure that our economic growth serves the needs of everyone and benefits all countries and all people including in particular women, youth and disadvantaged groups, generating more quality jobs, addressing inequalities and eradicating poverty so that no one is left behind. |
| 加強政策協調 | Strengthening Policy Coordination |
| 7.實現經濟增長，必須加強政策設計和協調。我們決心將各自以及共同使用所有政策工具，包括貨幣、財政和結構性改革政策，以實現我們強勁、可持續、平衡和包容性增長的目標。貨幣政策將繼續支持經濟活動，保持價格穩定，與中央銀行的職責保持一致，但僅靠貨幣政策不能實現平衡增長。在強調結構性改革發揮關鍵作用的同時，我們還強調財政戰略對于促進實現共同增長目標同樣重要。我們正在靈活實施財政政策，并實施更為增長友好型的稅收政策和公共支出，包括優先支持高質量投資，同時增強經濟韌性并確保債務占國內生產總值的比重保持在可持續水平。此外，我們將繼續研究二十國集團在必要時可采取的適合各國國情的政策措施，以支持增長和應對潛在風險，包括應對資產負債表的脆弱性。我們重申，匯率的過度波動和無序調整會影響經濟金融穩定。我們的有關部門將就外匯市場密切討論溝通。我們重申此前的匯率承諾，包括將避免競爭性貶值和不以競爭性目的來盯住匯率。我們將仔細制定、清晰溝通我們在宏觀經濟和結構性改革方面的政策措施，以減少政策的不確定性，將負面溢出效應降至最低，并增加透明度。 | 7. Our growth must be shored up by well-designed and coordinated policies. We are determined to use all policy tools - monetary, fiscal and structural - individually and collectively to achieve our goal of strong, sustainable, balanced and inclusive growth. Monetary policy will continue to support economic activity and ensure price stability, consistent with central banks’ mandates, but monetary policy alone cannot lead to balanced growth. Underscoring the essential role of structural reforms, we emphasize that our fiscal strategies are equally important to supporting our common growth objectives. We are using fiscal policy flexibly and making tax policy and public expenditure more growth-friendly, including by prioritizing high-quality investment, while enhancing resilience and ensuring debt as a share of GDP is on a sustainable path. Furthermore, we will continue to explore policy options, tailored to country circumstances, that the G20 countries may undertake as necessary to support growth and respond to potential risks including balance sheet vulnerability. We reiterate that excess volatility and disorderly movements in exchange rates can have adverse implications for economic and financial stability. Our relevant authorities will consult closely on exchange markets. We reaffirm our previous exchange rate commitments, including that we will refrain from competitive devaluations and we will not target our exchange rates for competitive purposes. We will carefully calibrate and clearly communicate our macroeconomic and structural policy actions to reduce policy uncertainty, minimize negative spillovers and promote transparency. |
| 8.我們在落實增長戰略方面取得了新進展，但仍有大量工作需要推進。迅速和全面落實增長戰略對于支持經濟增長和實現布里斯班峰會制定的共同增長雄心仍然十分關鍵，我們正在明確落實增長戰略措施的優先順序。為此，我們制訂了《杭州行動計劃》并更新增長戰略，包括新的和調整的宏觀經濟及結構性政策措施，發揮二者相互支持以共同促進增長的作用。我們還將致力于減少過度失衡，并在追求經濟增長的過程中提升包容性和減少不平等。 | 8. We are making further progress towards the implementation of our growth strategies, but much more needs to be done. Swift and full implementation of the growth strategies remains key to supporting economic growth and the collective growth ambition set by the Brisbane Summit, and we are prioritizing our implementation efforts. In the light of this, we launch the Hangzhou Action Plan and have updated our growth strategies, including new and adjusted macroeconomic and structural policy measures that can provide mutually-supportive benefits to growth. We will also strive to reduce excessive imbalances, promote greater inclusiveness and reduce inequality in our pursuit of economic growth. |
| 創新增長方式 | Breaking a New Path for Growth |
| 9.實現有活力的增長并創造更多就業，必須挖掘增長新動力。我們重申提振全球需求以支持短期增長的重要性，同時認為必須消除供給側制約，以持續提升勞動生產率，拓展生產的邊界，釋放中長期增長潛力。 | 9. Our growth, to be dynamic and create more jobs, must be powered by new driving forces. While reaffirming the importance of addressing shortfalls in global demand to support short-term growth, we believe it is also imperative to address supply side constraints so as to raise productivity sustainably, expand the frontier of production and unleash mid- to long-term growth potential. |
| 10.我們認識到，無論對各國而言，還是對全球而言，創新都是經濟長期增長的重要動力之一。我們致力于以創新為重要抓手，挖掘各國和世界經濟增長新引擎，以解決近期疲弱增長的根本原因。這將有利于創造新的、更好的就業，建設更清潔的環境，提高生產率，應對全球性挑戰，改善人民生活水平，構建活力、合作和包容的創新生態系統。我們據此核準《二十國集團創新增長藍圖》。該《藍圖》包含創新、新工業革命和數字經濟等領域的政策和措施。在此方面，我們還確認結構性改革的重要性。我們將以“發揮引領作用、秉持伙伴關系、保持開放精神、體現包容風格、踐行創意理念、發揮協同效應、展現靈活態度”為愿景，根據《藍圖》的建議和本國國情采取行動。 | 10. We recognize that in the long run, innovation is a key driver of growth for both individual countries and the global economy as a whole. We are committed to tackling one of the root causes of weak growth by taking innovation as a key element of our effort to identify new growth engines for individual countries and the world economy, which will also contribute to creating new and better jobs, building a cleaner environment, increasing productivity, addressing global challenges, improving people’s lives and building dynamic, cooperative and inclusive innovation ecosystems. We thus endorse the G20 Blueprint on Innovative Growth as a new agenda encompassing policies and measures in and across the areas of innovation, the new industrial revolution and the digital economy. In this context, we recognize the importance of structural reforms. We will act on the recommendations of the Blueprint in accordance with our national circumstances and in line with our vision for leadership, partnership, openness, inclusiveness, creativity, synergy and flexibility. |
| 11.我們承諾采取跨領域行動，加強多層面伙伴關系，支持發展中國家能力建設，改進技能和人力資本。我們將設立一個專題工作組。該工作組將在經合組織和其他相關國際組織支持下，進一步推動二十國集團創新、新工業革命和數字經濟議程，確保相關工作與現有成果的延續性和一致性，與二十國集團其他工作機制形成合力，并符合未來二十國集團主席國的優先工作方向。 | 11. We commit to important cross-cutting actions related to multi-dimensional partnerships, supporting developing countries and improving skills and human capital. We will set up a G20 Task Force supported by the OECD and other relevant international organizations to take forward the G20 agenda on innovation, new industrial revolution and digital economy, subject to the priorities of the respective future G20 presidencies, ensuring continuity and consistency with the results so far, and promoting synergies with other G20 workstreams. |
| 12.為實現創新驅動增長，營造創新生態系統，我們支持就以科技創新為核心、涵蓋廣泛領域的創新議題開展對話和合作。我們制定《2016年二十國集團創新行動計劃》，承諾采取促進創新的戰略和政策，支持科技創新投資，支持科技創新技能培訓（包括為更多婦女進入上述領域提供支持），促進科技創新人才流動。我們支持根據彼此同意的條件促進自愿的知識分享和技術轉讓。本著這一方式，我們支持采取適當措施促進開放科學，推動在可找尋、可訪問、可交互、可再用的原則下，提高獲取公共財政資助的研究成果的便利性。為推進上述立場，我們強調開放的貿易和投資機制在通過保護知識產權促進創新以及在科技方面改善與公眾溝通的重要性。我們同意在現有的創新政策平臺框架內，建立二十國集團創新政策實踐在線交流社區，發布2016年二十國集團創新報告，并通過這些措施加強知識和經驗交流。 | 12. To achieve innovation-driven growth and the creation of innovative ecosystems, we support dialogue and cooperation on innovation, which covers a wide range of domains with science and technology innovation at its core. We deliver the G20 2016 Innovation Action Plan. We commit to pursue pro-innovation strategies and policies, support investment in science, technology and innovation (STI), and support skills training for STI - including support for the entry of more women into these fields - and mobility of STI human resources. We support effort to promote voluntary knowledge diffusion and technology transfer on mutually agreed terms and conditions. Consistent with this approach, we support appropriate efforts to promote open science and facilitate appropriate access to publicly funded research results on findable, accessible, interoperable and reusable (FAIR) principles. In furtherance of the above, we emphasize the importance of open trade and investment regimes to facilitate innovation through intellectual property rights (IPR) protection, and improving public communication in science and technology. We are committed to foster exchange of knowledge and experience by supporting an online G20 Community of Practice within the existing Innovation Policy Platform and the release of the 2016 G20 Innovation Report. |
| 13.為抓住新工業革命為工業特別是制造業和相關服務業帶來的機遇，我們制定《二十國集團新工業革命行動計劃》。我們致力于按照行動計劃做出的承諾，加強新工業革命領域的溝通、協調及相關研究，促進中小企業從新工業革命中獲益，應對就業和勞動力技能領域的挑戰，鼓勵在標準、根據各方加入的多邊協議實現知識產權的充分有效保護以及新工業基礎設施等領域開展更多合作，并支持工業化發展。我們也支持發展中國家特別是非洲和最不發達國家工業化。我們決心在整個轉型過程中支持勞動人口，確保新工業革命惠及所有人，包括婦女、青年和弱勢群體。我們呼吁開展合作，使預期的科技和工業轉型帶來的收益最大化，并減少其負面影響。在所有這些倡議中，二十國集團將考慮發展中國家和發達國家面臨的不同機遇和挑戰。 | 13. To seize the opportunity that the new industrial revolution (NIR) presents for industry, particularly manufacturing and related services, we deliver the G20 New Industrial Revolution Action Plan. We commit to strengthen communication, cooperation and relevant research on the NIR, facilitate small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) to leverage benefits from the NIR, address employment and workforce skill challenges, encourage more cooperation on standards, adequate and effective IPR protection in line with existing multilateral treaties to which they are parties, new industrial infrastructure, and support industrialization, as committed in the action plan. We also support industrialization in developing countries, especially those in Africa and Least Developed Countries (LDCs). We are committed to supporting our workforces throughout this transition and to ensuring that the benefits of the NIR extend to all, including women, youth and disadvantaged groups. We call for cooperation to maximize the benefits and mitigate the negative impact of the expected technological and industrial changes. In all these initiatives, the G20 will take into consideration the different opportunities and challenges for developing and developed countries. |
| 14.為釋放數字經濟潛力，我們在安塔利亞峰會工作的基礎上，制定了《二十國集團數字經濟發展與合作倡議》。我們將著眼于為發展數字經濟和應對數字鴻溝創造更有利條件，包括更多更好和負擔得起的網絡準入、促進經濟增長及信任和安全的信息流動，同時確保尊重隱私和個人數據保護、促進信息通信技術領域投資、支持創業和數字化轉型、加強電子商務合作、提高數字包容性和支持中小微企業發展。為此，我們重申安塔利亞峰會公報第26段，承諾將為構建開放、安全的數字經濟發展環境提供政策支持，并認識到充分、有效的知識產權保護和執法在發展數字經濟方面的作用。我們歡迎經合組織、國際貨幣基金組織及其他國家和國際組織在數字經濟測度方面所作的努力，認為需要進一步開展相關研究和交流。 | 14. To unleash the potential of digital economy, we deliver the G20 Digital Economy Development and Cooperation Initiative, which builds on our work begun in Antalya. We aim to foster favorable conditions for its development and to address digital divide, including through expanded and better and affordable broadband access, flow of information for economic growth, trust and security, while ensuring respect for privacy and personal data protection, investment in the ICT sector, entrepreneurship, digital transformation, e-commerce cooperation, enhanced digital inclusion and development of micro, small and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs). We reaffirm paragraph 26 in the Antalya Communique, commit to offer policy support for an open and secure environment and recognize the key role of adequate and effective IPR protection and enforcement to the development of the digital economy. We welcome the efforts made by the OECD, IMF, national and other international organizations on the measurement of the digital economy, and recognize that further relevant research and exchange are needed. |
| 15.我們重申結構性改革對提高二十國集團成員生產率、潛在產出以及促進創新增長的關鍵作用。我們將落實二十國集團“深化結構性改革議程”，同時注意到結構性改革的選擇和設計應符合各國經濟情況。我們核準該議程確定的9個改革優先領域及一系列指導原則。這些將為各成員提供有用的高級別指導，同時允許各國照顧到本國具體國情。我們也支持由一套指標體系組成的量化框架，以幫助監測和評估我們在結構性改革方面所作努力、取得的進展和面臨的挑戰，該框架將逐步優化。我們正制定一個覆蓋短期、中期和長期措施的增長戰略。我們將確保“深化結構性改革議程”和“創新增長藍圖”中的相關要素得到清楚闡釋。 | 15. We reiterate the essential role of structural reforms in boosting productivity and potential output, as well as promoting innovative growth in G20 countries. We deliver the Enhanced Structural Reform Agenda, noting that the choice and design of structural reforms are consistent with countries’ specific economic conditions. We endorse the nine priority areas of structural reforms and a set of guiding principles identified in the Agenda to provide high-level and useful guidance to members, while allowing them to account for their specific national circumstances. We also support the quantitative framework consisting of a set of indicators, which will be improved over time, to help monitor and assess our efforts and progress with structural reforms and challenges. We are putting in place an integrated strategy for growth with short, medium and long-term measures. We will ensure that the Enhanced Structural Reform Agenda and the relevant elements of the Blueprint on Innovative Growth are well articulated. |
| 建設更高效的全球經濟金融治理 | More Effective and Efficient Global Economic and Financial Governance |
| 16.實現抗風險的增長，必須建設有效的全球經濟金融治理架構。我們將繼續在此方面作出努力。 | 16. Our growth, to be resilient, must be underpinned by effective and efficient global economic and financial architecture. We will continue our work in this regard. |
| 17.我們核準了《二十國集團邁向更穩定、更有韌性的國際金融架構的議程》。我們將繼續改善關于資本流動的分析、監測和對資本流動過度波動帶來風險的管理。我們期待國際貨幣基金組織在年底前完成關于應對資本流動的國別經驗和新問題的審議。我們注意到正在進行的對經合組織資本流動通則的審議工作。我們支持進一步加強以強勁的、以份額為基礎的、資源充足的國際貨幣基金組織為核心的全球金融安全網，提高國際貨幣基金組織貸款工具的有效性、并在尊重各自職責的基礎上進一步加強國際貨幣基金組織與區域金融安全網之間的有效合作。為此，我們歡迎國際貨幣基金組織與清邁倡議多邊化將要進行的聯合演練。本著保持國際貨幣基金組織現有貸款能力的目標，我們支持延續成員與國際貨幣基金組織的雙邊和多邊借款協議，并呼吁國際貨幣基金組織成員國廣泛參與，包括通過簽訂新的協議。我們歡迎國際貨幣基金組織2010年份額和治理改革的落實并致力于在2017年年會前完成第15次份額總檢查，包括形成新的份額公式。我們重申，份額調整應提高有活力經濟體的份額占比，以反映其在世界經濟中的相對地位，因此可能的結果是新興市場和發展中國家的份額占比整體提高。我們承諾保護最貧困國家的發言權及代表性。我們支持世界銀行按照達成一致的路線圖、時間表及原則實施股份審議，目標是逐漸實現平等投票權。我們強調促進有效且可持續的融資實踐的重要性，并將繼續改善債務重組進程。我們支持將加強的合同條款納入主權債券中的持續努力。我們支持巴黎俱樂部作為主要的國際官方雙邊債務重組平臺，討論一系列主權債問題，并持續吸納更多新興債權國。我們歡迎韓國加入巴黎俱樂部以及巴西做出加入巴黎俱樂部的決定。我們歡迎中國繼續常態性參加巴黎俱樂部會議，以及中方發揮更具建設性作用的意愿，包括進一步討論潛在的成員身份問題。根據國際貨幣基金組織的決定，我們歡迎人民幣于10月1日被納入特別提款權貨幣籃子。我們支持正在進行的在擴大特別提款權使用方面的研究，如更廣泛地發布以特別提款權為報告貨幣的財務和統計數據，以及發行特別提款權計價債券，從而增強韌性。在此方面，我們注意到世界銀行近期在中國銀行間市場發行了特別提款權債券。我們歡迎國際組織進一步開展工作以支持本幣債券市場的發展，包括加強對低收入國家的支持。 | 17. We endorse the G20 Agenda Towards A More Stable and Resilient International Financial Architecture. We will continue to improve the analysis and monitoring of capital flows and management of risks stemming from excessive capital flow volatility. We look forward to the IMF’s review of country experiences and emerging issues in handling capital flows by year-end. We note the ongoing work on the review of the OECD Code of Liberalization of Capital Movements. We support work to further strengthen the Global Financial Safety Net (GFSN), with a strong, quota-based and adequately resourced IMF at its center, equipped with a more effective toolkit, and with more effective cooperation between the IMF and regional financing arrangements (RFAs), respecting their mandates. In this respect, we welcome the upcoming CMIM-IMF joint test run. We support maintaining access to bilateral and multilateral borrowing agreements between members and the IMF, in line with the objective of preserving the IMF’s current lending capacity, and call for broad participation of the IMF membership, including through new agreements. We welcome the entry into effect of the 2010 IMF quota and governance reform and are working towards the completion of the 15th General Review of Quotas, including a new quota formula, by the 2017 Annual Meetings. We reaffirm that any realignment under the 15th review in quota shares is expected to result in increased shares for dynamic economies in line with their relative positions in the world economy, and hence likely in the share of emerging market and developing countries as a whole. We are committed to protecting the voice and representation of the poorest members. We support the World Bank Group to implement its shareholding review according to the agreed roadmap, timeframe and principles, with the objective of achieving equitable voting power over time. We underline the importance of promoting sound and sustainable financing practices and will continue to improve debt restructuring processes. We support the continued effort to incorporate the enhanced contractual clauses into sovereign bonds. We support the Paris Club’s discussion of a range of sovereign debt issues, and the ongoing work of the Paris Club, as the principal international forum for restructuring official bilateral debt, towards the broader inclusion of emerging creditors. We welcome the admission of the Republic of Korea and the decision of Brazil to join the Paris Club. We welcome China’s continued regular participation in Paris Club meetings and intention to play a more constructive role, including further discussions on potential membership. Following the IMF’s decision, we welcome the inclusion of the RMB into the Special Drawing Right (SDR) currency basket on October 1st. We support the ongoing examination of the broader use of the SDR, such as broader reporting in the SDR and the issuance of SDR-denominated bonds, as a way to enhance resilience. In this context, we take note of the recent issuance of SDR bonds by the World Bank in China’s interbank market. We welcome further work by the international organizations to support the development of local currency bond markets, including intensifying efforts to support low-income countries. |
| 18.構建一個開放且具有抗風險能力的金融體系對支持可持續增長和發展至關重要。為此，我們繼續承諾完成監管框架中剩余的核心工作，以及及時、全面和一致地落實已議定的金融部門改革議程，包括巴塞爾協議III和總損失吸收能力標準，以及有效的跨境處置機制。我們重申支持巴塞爾銀行監管委員會在2016年底前完成巴塞爾協議III框架，在推動公平競爭的環境的同時，避免進一步大幅度提高整個銀行業的總體資本金要求。我們歡迎金融穩定理事會關于金融監管改革執行與效果的第二份年報，并將繼續加強監測改革落實情況及其效果，以確保其符合我們的總體目標，包括應對任何未預見到的重大后果。我們將繼續應對保險業系統性風險的問題。我們歡迎針對國際活躍保險機構制定保險資本標準的工作。我們致力于充分且及時地落實已議定的場外衍生品改革，我們將消除向交易庫報告場外衍生品交易以及當局合理獲得數據所面臨的法律和監管障礙。我們鼓勵成員消除在實施《金融市場基礎設施原則》方面的差距，歡迎支付與市場基礎設施委員會、國際證監會組織和金融穩定理事會關于加強中央對手抗風險能力、恢復計劃和可處置性的報告。鑒于有效的宏觀審慎政策在限制系統性風險方面發揮著重要作用，我們歡迎國際貨幣基金組織、金融穩定理事會和國際清算銀行聯合進行的總結宏觀審慎框架和工具國際經驗的工作，以幫助促進實施有效的宏觀審慎政策。我們歡迎金融穩定理事會就應對資產管理業務結構脆弱性的政策建議征求意見。我們將繼續密切監測并在必要時應對金融體系中的新風險和脆弱性，包括與影子銀行、資產管理和其他市場化融資有關的風險。我們將繼續通過由金融穩定理事會協調的四項行動計劃應對代理行業務減少問題，以支持僑匯、普惠金融、貿易和開放。我們期待進一步合理明確監管預期的相關工作，包括10月份金融行動特別工作組將審議代理行指引。我們呼吁二十國集團成員、國際貨幣基金組織和世界銀行加大對各國能力建設的支持力度，從而幫助其改善全球反洗錢和反恐融資以及審慎標準的合規工作。我們核準二十國集團數字普惠金融高級原則、二十國集團普惠金融指標體系升級版以及二十國集團中小企業融資行動計劃落實框架。我們鼓勵各國在制定更廣泛的普惠金融計劃時考慮這些原則，特別是在數字普惠金融領域，并采取切實行動加快工作進度，讓金融服務惠及所有人。 | 18. Building an open and resilient financial system is crucial to supporting sustainable growth and development. To this end, we remain committed to finalizing remaining critical elements of the regulatory framework and to the timely, full and consistent implementation of the agreed financial sector reform agenda, including Basel III and the total-loss-absorbing-capacity (TLAC) standard as well as effective cross-border resolution regimes. We reiterate our support for the work by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (BCBS) to finalize the Basel III framework by the end of 2016, without further significantly increasing overall capital requirements across the banking sector, while promoting a level playing field. We welcome the second annual report of the Financial Stability Board (FSB) on implementation and effects of reforms, and will continue to enhance the monitoring of implementation and effects of reforms to ensure their consistency with our overall objectives, including by addressing any material unintended consequences. We will continue to address the issue of systemic risk within the insurance sector. We welcome the work towards the development of an Insurance Capital Standard (ICS) for internationally active insurers. We are committed to full and timely implementation of the agreed over-the-counter (OTC) derivatives reform agenda, and we will remove legal and regulatory barriers to the reporting of OTC derivatives to trade repositories and to authorities’ appropriate access to data. We encourage members to close the gap in the implementation of the Principles for Financial Market Infrastructures and welcome the reports by the Committee on Payments and Market Infrastructures, International Organization of Securities Commissions and FSB on enhancing central counterparty resilience, recovery planning and resolvability. Recognizing the importance of effective macroprudential policies in limiting systemic risks, we welcome the joint work by the IMF, FSB and Bank for International Settlements (BIS) to take stock of international experiences with macroprudential frameworks and tools and to help promote effective macroprudential policies. We welcome the FSB consultation on proposed policy recommendations to address structural vulnerabilities from asset management activities. We will continue to closely monitor, and if necessary, address emerging risks and vulnerabilities in the financial system, including those associated with shadow banking, asset management and other market-based finance. We will continue to address, through the FSB-coordinated action plan, the decline in correspondent banking services so as to support remittances, financial inclusion, trade and openness. We look forward to further efforts to clarify regulatory expectations, as appropriate, including through the review in October by the Financial Action Task Force (FATF) of the guidance on correspondent banking. We call on G20 members, the IMF and WBG to intensify their support for domestic capacity building to help countries improve their compliance with global anti-money laundering and countering the financing of terrorism (AML/CFT) and prudential standards. We endorse the G20 High-level Principles for Digital Financial Inclusion, the updated version of the G20 Financial Inclusion Indicators and the Implementation Framework of the G20 Action Plan on SME Financing. We encourage countries to consider these principles in devising their broader financial inclusion plans, particularly in the area of digital financial inclusion, and to take concrete actions to accelerate progress on all people’s access to finance. |
| 19.我們將繼續支持國際稅收合作以建立一個全球公平和現代化的國際稅收體系并促進增長，包括推進正開展的稅基侵蝕和利潤轉移合作、稅收情報交換、發展中國家稅收能力建設和稅收政策等，以促進增長，提高稅收確定性。我們歡迎建立二十國集團/經合組織稅基侵蝕和利潤轉移包容性框架，以及在日本京都召開的第一次會議，支持及時、持續、廣泛落實稅基侵蝕和利潤轉移一攬子項目，并呼吁所有感興趣但尚未就稅基侵蝕和利潤轉移項目作出承諾的國家和稅收轄區作出承諾，并平等參與該框架。我們也歡迎在有效和廣泛落實國際公認的稅收透明度標準方面取得的進展，呼吁所有尚未承諾采納稅收情報自動交換標準的相關國家，包括所有金融中心和轄區，盡快作出承諾，最遲在2018年前實施自動情報交換標準，簽署并批準多邊稅收行政互助公約。我們核可經合組織與二十國集團成員共同提出的關于識別在稅收透明度方面不合作轄區的客觀標準建議。我們要求在2017年6月前向我們報告各轄區在稅收透明度上取得的進展，以及稅收透明度與情報交換全球論壇將如何管理國別審議進程，應對各國提出的補充審議要求，以便經合組織在2017年7月二十國集團領導人峰會前準備一份尚未在落實國際稅收透明度標準上取得滿意進展的轄區名單。對列入名單的轄區將考慮制定防御性措施。我們鼓勵各國和國際組織幫助發展中國家進行稅收能力建設，并對國際貨幣基金組織、經合組織、聯合國和世界銀行共同成立的新的稅收合作平臺表示認可。我們支持亞的斯稅收倡議的原則。我們認識到非法資金流動對各國經濟都會產生巨大負面影響，并將繼續推進二十國集團在這方面的工作。我們強調稅收政策工具在開展供給側結構性改革、促進創新驅動和包容性增長方面的有效性，以及稅收確定性對于促進投資和貿易的益處，并要求經合組織和國際貨幣基金組織繼續就促進增長的稅收政策和稅收確定性開展工作。為此，中方愿作出自身貢獻，成立一個旨在開展國際稅收政策設計和研究的國際稅收政策研究中心。 | 19. We will continue our support for international tax cooperation to achieve a globally fair and modern international tax system and to foster growth, including advancing on-going cooperation on base erosion and profits shifting (BEPS), exchange of tax information, tax capacity-building of developing countries and tax policies to promote growth and tax certainty. We welcome the establishment of the G20/OECD Inclusive Framework on BEPS, and its first meeting in Kyoto. We support a timely, consistent and widespread implementation of the BEPS package and call upon all relevant and interested countries and jurisdictions that have not yet committed to the BEPS package to do so and join the framework on an equal footing. We also welcome the progress made on effective and widespread implementation of the internationally agreed standards on tax transparency and reiterate our call on all relevant countries including all financial centers and jurisdictions, which have not yet done so to commit without delay to implementing the standard of automatic exchange of information by 2018 at the latest and to sign and ratify the Multilateral Convention on Mutual Administrative Assistance in Tax Matters. We endorse the proposals made by the OECD working with G20 members on the objective criteria to identify non-cooperative jurisdictions with respect to tax transparency. We ask the OECD to report back to the finance ministers and central bank governors by June 2017 on the progress made by jurisdictions on tax transparency, and on how the Global Forum will manage the country review process in response to supplementary review requests of countries, with a view for the OECD to prepare a list by the July 2017 G20 Leaders’ Summit of those jurisdictions that have not yet sufficiently progressed toward a satisfactory level of implementation of the agreed international standards on tax transparency. Defensive measures will be considered against listed jurisdictions. We encourage countries and international organizations to assist developing economies in building their tax capacity and acknowledge the establishment of the new Platform for Collaboration on Taxation by the IMF, OECD, UN and WBG. We support the principles of the Addis Tax Initiative. We recognize the significant negative impact of illicit financial flows on our economies and we will advance the work of the G20 on this theme. We emphasize the effectiveness of tax policy tools in supply-side structural reform for promoting innovation-driven, inclusive growth, as well as the benefits of tax certainty to promote investment and trade and ask the OECD and IMF to continue working on the issues of pro-growth tax policies and tax certainty. In this connection, China would make its own contribution by establishing an international tax policy research center for international tax policy design and research. |
| 20.金融透明度和所有國家對透明度標準的有效落實，特別是落實法人和法律安排的受益所有權方面的透明度標準，對保護國際金融體系的完整性，防止將這些實體用于腐敗、逃稅、恐怖主義融資和洗錢活動至關重要。我們要求金融行動特別工作組和全球稅收論壇在今年10月二十國集團財長和央行行長會議之前，就如何改進國際透明度標準的實施，包括獲取受益所有權信息并開展跨國信息交換提出初步建議。 | 20. Financial transparency and effective implementation of the standards on transparency by all, in particular with regard to the beneficial ownership of legal persons and legal arrangements, is vital to protecting the integrity of the international financial system, and to preventing misuse of these entities and arrangements for corruption, tax evasion, terrorist financing and money laundering. We call on the FATF and the Global Forum to make initial proposals by the Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors Meeting in October on ways to improve the implementation of the international standards on transparency, including on the availability of beneficial ownership information of legal persons and legal arrangements, and its international exchange. |
| 21.我們認識到，為支持在環境可持續前提下的全球發展，有必要擴大綠色投融資。綠色金融的發展面臨許多挑戰，包括環境外部性內部化所面臨的困難、期限錯配、缺乏對綠色的清晰定義、信息不對稱和分析能力缺失等，但我們可以與私人部門一起提出許多應對這類挑戰的措施。我們歡迎綠色金融研究小組提交的《二十國集團綠色金融綜合報告》和由其倡議的自愿可選措施，以增強金融體系動員私人資本開展綠色投資的能力。我們相信可通過以下努力來發展綠色金融：提供清晰的戰略性政策信號與框架，推動綠色金融的自愿原則，擴大能力建設的學習網絡，支持本地綠色債券市場發展，開展國際合作以推動跨境綠色債券投資，鼓勵并推動在環境與金融風險領域的知識共享，改善對綠色金融活動及其影響的評估方法。 | 21. We recognize that, in order to support environmentally sustainable growth globally, it is necessary to scale up green financing. The development of green finance faces a number of challenges, including, among others, difficulties in internalizing environmental externalities, maturity mismatch, lack of clarity in green definitions, information asymmetry and inadequate analytical capacity, but many of these challenges can be addressed by options developed in collaboration with the private sector. We welcome the G20 Green Finance Synthesis Report submitted by the Green Finance Study Group (GFSG) and the voluntary options developed by the GFSG to enhance the ability of the financial system to mobilize private capital for green investment. We believe efforts could be made to provide clear strategic policy signals and frameworks, promote voluntary principles for green finance, expand learning networks for capacity building, support the development of local green bond markets, promote international collaboration to facilitate cross-border investment in green bonds, encourage and facilitate knowledge sharing on environmental and financial risks, and improve the measurement of green finance activities and their impacts. |
| 22.腐敗和非法資金流動損害公共資源的公平分配，妨礙經濟可持續增長，破壞全球金融體系的廉潔與法治。我們決定加強二十國集團反腐敗國際合作，同時在此方面充分尊重國際法、人權、法治和各國主權。我們核準《二十國集團反腐敗追逃追贓高級原則》，歡迎中國關于在華設立二十國集團反腐敗追逃追贓研究中心的倡議，該中心的運行將符合國際規范。我們承諾繼續建設二十國集團拒絕腐敗分子入境執法合作網絡。我們將根據本國法律開展執法部門、反腐敗和司法機關的跨境合作和信息分享。我們呼吁二十國集團成員批準《聯合國反腐敗公約》，歡迎開展第二輪履約審議。我們將致力于有效落實該公約和其他可適用的國際條約中關于引渡、刑事司法協助和資產追回的規定。我們核準《二十國集團2017－2018年反腐敗行動計劃》，改善公共和私營部門廉潔和透明度，通過行動落實我們在反腐領域零容忍、在內部反腐機制零漏洞和在反腐行動上零障礙的立場。我們要求反腐敗工作組以更高的關注度和緊迫感，在2016年底前制定對上述行動計劃的落實方案，作為下步開展反腐合作的靈活框架。我們歡迎2016年5月倫敦反腐敗峰會以及2016年3月經合組織部長級會議取得的成果。 | 22. Recognizing the detrimental effects of corruption and illicit finance flows on equitable allocation of public resources, sustainable economic growth, the integrity of the global financial system and the rule of law, we will reinforce the G20’s efforts to enhance international cooperation against corruption, while fully respecting international law, human rights and the rule of law as well as the sovereignty of each country. We endorse the G20 High Level Principles on Cooperation on Persons Sought for Corruption and Asset Recovery and welcome Chinese initiative to establish in China a Research Center on International Cooperation Regarding Persons Sought for Corruption and Asset Recovery in G20 Member States, which will be operated in line with international norms. We commit to continue the G20 Denial of Entry Experts Network. Consistent with our national legal systems, we will work on cross-border cooperation and information sharing between law enforcement and anti-corruption agencies and judicial authorities. We call for ratification by all the G20 members of the United Nations Convention Against Corruption and welcome the launch of the second cycle of its review mechanism. We will endeavor to apply effectively the extradition, mutual legal assistance and asset recovery provisions of the above Convention and other applicable international conventions. We endorse the 2017-2018 G20 Anti-Corruption Action Plan to improve public and private sector transparency and integrity, implementing our stance of zero tolerance against corruption, zero loopholes in our institutions and zero barriers in our actions. We ask the Anti-Corruption Working Group to develop an implementation plan before the end of 2016 as a flexible framework to carry this work forward with renewed high-level attention and urgency. We also welcome outcomes of the London Anti-Corruption Summit in May 2016 and the OECD Ministerial Meeting in March 2016. |
| 23.根據《二十國集團能源合作原則》，我們重申致力于構建運轉良好、開放、競爭、高效、穩定和透明的能源市場，建設能更好地反映世界能源版圖變化、更有效、更包容的全球能源治理架構，塑造一個負擔得起、可靠、低溫室氣體排放和可持續的能源未來，同時利用好能源資源和技術。我們強調，持續投資于能源和更好的地區互聯互通項目尤其是可持續能源項目，對確保未來能源安全、防范能源價格飆升影響經濟穩定至關重要。我們將同撒哈拉沙漠以南非洲國家和亞太國家一道，提高負擔得起、可靠、清潔、可持續、現代化的能源服務的普遍可及性，特別是減少普及電力的障礙。我們鼓勵各成員在自身需要和國情基礎上顯著提高能效，以及調整生活方式以促進節約能源。我們將探索創新合作安排，推動國際能效合作。我們核準二十國集團能源部長發布的能源可及性自愿合作行動計劃、可再生能源自愿行動計劃和能效引領計劃，要求他們定期會晤以跟蹤上述計劃的落實情況。 | 23. In line with the G20 Principles on Energy Collaboration, we reaffirm our commitment to building well-functioning, open, competitive, efficient, stable and transparent energy markets, fostering more effective and inclusive global energy architecture to better reflect the changing realities of the world’s energy landscape, and shaping an affordable, reliable, sustainable and low greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions energy future while utilizing energy sources and technologies. We stress that continued investment in energy projects and better regional interconnection, particularly in sustainable energy projects, remains critically important to ensuring future energy security and preventing economically destabilizing price spikes. We endeavor to work with Sub-Saharan and Asia-Pacific countries to improve universal access to affordable, reliable, clean, sustainable and modern energy services, particularly by addressing barriers to electricity access. We encourage members to significantly improve energy efficiency based on the specific needs and national circumstances of each member and promote energy conservation through appropriate lifestyle changes. We will explore innovative collaborative arrangements for international cooperation on energy efficiency. We endorse the G20 Voluntary Collaboration Action Plan on Energy Access, the G20 Voluntary Action Plan on Renewable Energy and the G20 Energy Efficiency Leading Programme issued by the G20 energy ministers and ask them to meet regularly to follow up on the implementation of these plans. |
| 24.我們重申能源合作對構建更清潔的能源未來和確保可持續能源安全、從而推動經濟增長具有重要作用。我們歡迎在6個能效關鍵領域自愿開展的國際合作取得的進展，其中包括重型卡車及改善其能效，同時考慮《二十國集團能效引領計劃》中的有關政策措施并確保符合各國國情。我們重申承諾在中期內規范并逐步取消低效的、鼓勵浪費的化石燃料補貼，同時向貧困人群提供支持。我們歡迎二十國集團成員在落實其承諾方面取得的進展并期待未來取得進一步進展。我們特別鼓勵二十國集團成員考慮參與自愿同行審議。考慮到天然氣是一種低排放的化石燃料，我們將通過加強合作尋求解決方案，以推動在天然氣開采、運輸和加工方面最大程度減少環境影響。我們強調能源來源和通道多樣化的重要性。 | 24. We reaffirm the importance of energy collaboration towards a cleaner energy future and sustainable energy security with a view to fostering economic growth. We welcome the progress on the voluntary international collaboration on energy efficiency in six key areas, taking into consideration the policies outlined in the Energy Efficiency Leading Programme and in line with national circumstances, including in heavy duty vehicles, and improving the efficiency of these vehicles. We also reaffirm our commitment to rationalize and phase-out inefficient fossil fuel subsidies that encourage wasteful consumption over the medium term, recognizing the need to support the poor. We welcome G20 countries’ progress on their commitments and look forward to further progress in the future. Further, we encourage G20 countries to consider participating in the voluntary peer review process. Given that natural gas is a less emission-intensive fossil fuel, we will enhance collaboration on solutions that promote natural gas extraction, transportation, and processing in a manner that minimizes environmental impacts. We stress the importance of diversification of energy sources and routes. |
| 促進更強勁的全球貿易和投資 | Robust International Trade and Investment |
| 25.實現強勁增長，必須促進包容、強勁和可持續的貿易和投資增長。我們對全球貿易和投資增長緩慢表示關切，承諾推動貿易投資自由化和便利化，加強開放型世界經濟。我們認識到發展中國家通過經濟多樣性和工業升級以從更加開放的全球市場中受益的重要性。我們核可7月9日至10日在上海成功舉辦二十國集團貿易部長會議的成果，歡迎設立貿易投資工作組。我們承諾進一步加強二十國集團貿易投資合作。 | 25. Our growth, to be strong, must be reinforced by inclusive, robust and sustainable trade and investment growth. We note with concern the slow growth in trade and investment globally and commit to enhance an open world economy by working towards trade and investment facilitation and liberalization. We recognize the importance of economic diversification and industrial upgrading in developing countries to benefit from more open global markets. We endorse the outcome of the G20 Trade Ministers Meeting held in Shanghai on 9-10 July, and welcome the establishment of the G20 Trade and Investment Working Group (TIWG). We commit to further strengthen G20 trade and investment cooperation. |
| 26.我們重申在當今全球貿易中維護以世貿組織為核心、以規則為基礎、透明、非歧視、開放和包容的多邊貿易體制。我們重申承諾開展以發展為核心的“后內羅畢”工作，承諾優先推進多哈回合剩余議題談判，包括農業談判的所有三大支柱（市場準入、國內支持、出口競爭）、非農市場準入、服務、發展、與貿易有關的知識產權、規則。我們還注意到一系列議題也許在當前全球經濟中符合共同利益并具有重要性，因此可成為世貿組織討論的合理議題，包括在區域貿易協定和二十國集團工商界提出的問題。我們將增強緊迫感，團結一致，與世貿組織成員一道推動在世貿組織第十一次部長級會議及此后取得積極成果。我們將共同加強世貿組織的作用。 | 26. We reaffirm our determination to ensure a rules-based, transparent, non-discriminatory, open and inclusive multilateral trading system with the World Trade Organization playing the central role in today’s global trade. We reiterate our commitment to shape the post-Nairobi work with development at its center and commit to advancing negotiations on the remaining DDA issues as a matter of priority, including all three pillars of agriculture (i.e. market access, domestic support and export competition), non-agricultural market access, services, development, Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPs) and rules. We also note that a range of issues may be of common interest and importance to today’s economy, and thus may be legitimate issues for discussions in the WTO, including those addressed in regional trade arrangements (RTAs) and by the B20. We will work together with all WTO members with a sense of urgency and solidarity and with a view to achieving positive outcomes of the MC11 and beyond and we will work together to further strengthen the WTO. |
| 27.我們承諾在2016年底前批準《貿易便利化協定》，呼吁其他世貿組織成員采取同樣行動。我們注意到雙邊和區域貿易協定在貿易自由化和貿易規則發展方面的重要作用，認識到需要確保其同世貿組織規則保持一致。我們承諾致力于確保雙邊和區域貿易協定對多邊貿易體制形成補充，保持開放、透明、包容并與世貿組織規則相一致。與世貿組織規則相一致、廣泛參與的諸邊貿易協定能對全球自由化倡議發揮重要補充作用。二十國集團《環境產品協定》談判參與方歡迎世貿組織《環境產品協定》談判達成的“著陸區”，重申其目標是加倍努力彌合現存分歧，在找到解決參與方核心關切的有效途徑后，于2016年底前達成一個富于雄心、面向未來的《環境產品協定》，在廣泛范圍內削減環境產品關稅。 | 27. We commit to ratify the Trade Facilitation Agreement by the end of 2016 and call on other WTO members to do the same. We note the important role that bilateral and regional trade agreements can play in liberalizing trade and in the development of trade rules, while recognizing the need to ensure they are consistent with WTO rules. We commit to working to ensure our bilateral and regional trade agreements complement the multilateral trading system, and are open, transparent, inclusive and WTO-consistent. WTO-consistent plurilateral trade agreements with broad participation can play an important role in complementing global liberalization initiatives. G20 Environmental Goods Agreement (EGA) participants welcome the landing zone achieved in the WTO EGA negotiations, and reaffirm their aim to redouble efforts to bridge remaining gaps and conclude an ambitious, future-oriented EGA that seeks to eliminate tariffs on a broad range of environmental goods by the end of 2016, after finding effective ways to address the core concerns of participants. |
| 28.我們重申反對任何形式的貿易和投資保護主義。我們將減少及不采取新的貿易保護主義措施的承諾延長至2018年底并重申決心實現這一承諾，支持世貿組織、聯合國貿發會議和經合組織予以監督。我們強調，必須更有效地與更廣大公眾溝通貿易和市場開放帶來的好處，同時輔以合適的國內政策，確保各方廣泛受益。 | 28. We reiterate our opposition to protectionism on trade and investment in all its forms. We extend our commitments to standstill and rollback of protectionist measures till the end of 2018, reaffirm our determination to deliver on them and support the work of the WTO, UNCTAD and OECD in monitoring protectionism. We emphasize that the benefits of trade and open markets must be communicated to the wider public more effectively and accompanied by appropriate domestic policies to ensure that benefits are widely distributed |
| 29.我們核準《二十國集團全球貿易增長戰略》，將據此在降低貿易成本、促進貿易和投資政策協調、推動服務貿易、加強貿易融資、促進電子商務發展，以及處理貿易和發展問題方面作出表率。我們歡迎世貿組織發布全球貿易景氣指數，作為指導全球貿易的關鍵指標。我們核準《二十國集團全球投資指導原則》。該指導原則有助于營造開放、透明和有利的全球投資政策環境。 | 29.We endorse the G20 Strategy for Global Trade Growth, under which the G20 will lead by example to lower trade costs, harness trade and investment policy coherence, boost trade in services, enhance trade finance, promote e-commerce development, and address trade and development. We welcome the World Trade Outlook Indicator released by the WTO as an important leading indicator of global trade. We endorse the G20 Guiding Principles for Global Investment Policymaking, which will help foster an open, transparent and conductive global policy environment for investment. |
| 30.我們支持采取有關政策，確保企業特別是婦女和青年企業家、女性領導的企業和中小企業，無論規模大小，都能從全球價值鏈中受益，并鼓勵發展中國家，特別是低收入國家在更高水平、更多附加值上參與全球價值鏈并向高端移動。我們歡迎二十國集團工商峰會對加強數字貿易和其他工作的興趣，注意到其關于構建全球電子商務平臺的倡議。 | 30. We also support policies that encourage firms of all sizes, in particular women and youth entrepreneurs, women-led firms and SMEs, to take full advantage of global value chains (GVCs), and that encourage greater participation, value addition and upward mobility in GVCs by developing countries, particularly low-income countries (LICs).We welcome the B20’s interest to strengthen digital trade and other work and take note of it’s initiative on an Electronic World Trade Platform (eWTP). |
| 31.我們認識到全球經濟復蘇緩慢和市場需求低迷使得包括一些行業產能過剩在內的結構性問題更加嚴重，這些問題對貿易和工人產生了負面影響。我們認識到，鋼鐵和其他行業的產能過剩是一個全球性問題，需要集體應對。我們也認識到，政府或政府支持的機構提供的補貼和其他類型的支持可能導致市場扭曲并造成全球產能過剩，因此需要予以關注。我們承諾加強溝通與合作，致力于采取有效措施應對上述挑戰，以增強市場功能和鼓勵調整。為此，我們呼吁通過組建一個關于鋼鐵產能過剩的全球論壇，加強信息分享與合作。該論壇可由經合組織提供協助，并由二十國集團成員和感興趣的經合組織成員積極參加。我們期待關于全球論壇所做努力的進展報告于2017年向二十國集團相關部長提交。 | 31. We recognize that the structural problems, including excess capacity in some industries, exacerbated by a weak global economic recovery and depressed market demand, have caused a negative impact on trade and workers. We recognize that excess capacity in steel and other industries is a global issue which requires collective responses. We also recognize that subsidies and other types of support from government or government-sponsored institutions can cause market distortions and contribute to global excess capacity and therefore require attention. We commit to enhance communication and cooperation, and take effective steps to address the challenges so as to enhance market function and encourage adjustment. To this end, we call for increased information sharing and cooperation through the formation of a Global Forum on steel excess capacity, to be facilitated by the OECD with the active participation of G20 members and interested OECD members. We look forward to a progress report on the efforts of the Global Forum to the relevant G20 ministers in 2017. |
| 推動包容和聯動式發展 | Inclusive and Interconnected Development |
| 32.實現強勁、可持續、平衡增長，必須堅持包容性增長。我們承諾將確保經濟增長的益處惠及所有人并最大程度釋放發展中國家和低收入國家的增長潛力。鑒此，我們將可持續發展作為二十國集團重要議題。 | 32. Our growth, to be strong, sustainable and balanced, must also be inclusive. We are committed to ensuring the benefits of our growth reach all people and maximize the growth potential of developing and low-income countries. In this context, we place sustainable development high on the G20 agenda. |
| 33.我們承諾將加強可持續發展政策協調，重申將根據自身國情并充分發揮二十國集團比較優勢，將自身合作與全球落實2030年可持續發展議程、亞的斯亞貝巴發展籌資行動議程結合起來，同時承認聯合國在全球落實和審議2030年可持續發展議程方面的領導作用。我們將通過在廣泛領域大膽變革的集體和自愿的國別行動，為各國落實該發展議程作出表率。我們核準《二十國集團落實2030年可持續發展議程行動計劃》，其中包含了二十國集團一些高級別原則。我們藉此重申對實現2030年議程雄心的承諾。我們注意到亞的斯稅收倡議，歡迎成立技術促進機制，再次強調通過擴大技術合作實現可持續發展的重要性。 | 33. We pledge to enhance policy coherence on sustainable development and reaffirm our commitment to further align our work with the universal implementation of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and the Addis Ababa Action Agenda on financing for development, based on the comparative advantage and the added value of the G20 and in accordance with our national circumstances, while acknowledging that the global follow-up and review of the 2030 Agenda is a UN-led process. We commit to contributing to the implementation of the 2030 Agenda by setting an example through bold, transformative collective and intended national actions in a wide range of areas. By endorsing the G20 Action Plan on the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development which also includes high-level principles, we reaffirm our commitment to achieve the ambition of the 2030 Agenda. We note the Addis Tax Initiative, welcome the establishment of the Technology Facilitation Mechanism and stress the importance of enhanced cooperation on technologies to achieving sustainable development. |
| 34.我們歡迎《二十國集團發展領域承諾落實情況全面系統評估杭州峰會報告》，這反映了二十國集團在2014年至2016年發展領域取得的進展。 | 34. We welcome the Hangzhou Comprehensive Accountability Report on G20 Development Commitments, which reflects our progress already made over the period of 2014-2016. |
| 35.我們發起《二十國集團支持非洲和最不發達國家工業化倡議》，通過自愿政策選項，強化包容增長，提升發展潛力，包括：促進包容和可持續的結構轉型；支持可持續農業、農商業和涉農產業發展；深化、擴大、更新本地知識和生產基礎；促進在可再生能源和能效在內的可持續和安全能源領域的投資；探索就工業生產力和職業培訓開展合作，同時促進在可持續和富有韌性的基礎設施和產業的投資；通過符合世貿組織規則的貿易支持工業化；關注婦女和青年，撬動國內和外部資金，支持平等獲取資金的機會；將科技和創新作為實現工業化關鍵手段等。 | 35. We launch the G20 Initiative on Supporting Industrialization in Africa and LDCs to strengthen their inclusive growth and development potential through voluntary policy options including: promoting inclusive and sustainable structural transformation; supporting sustainable agriculture, agri-business and agro-industry development; deepening, broadening and updating the local knowledge and production base; promoting investment in sustainable and secure energy, including renewables and energy efficiency; exploring ways to develop cooperation on industrial production and vocational training and sustainable and resilient infrastructure and industries; supporting industrialization through trade in accordance with WTO rules; and leveraging domestic and external finance and supporting equitable access to finance - with a focus on women and youth; and promoting science, technology and innovation as critical means for industrialization. |
| 36.惡意的貿易錯開發票等非法活動導致的跨境資金流動影響各國籌集國內發展資源。我們將繼續在此方面開展工作，并歡迎各方在杭州峰會后同世界海關組織就該組織有關研究報告溝通協調。 | 36. We will continue our work on addressing cross-border financial flows derived from illicit activities, including deliberate trade misinvoicing, which hampers the mobilization of domestic resources for development, and welcome the communication and coordination with the World Customs Organization for a study report in this regard following the Hangzhou Summit. |
| 37.包容性商業在促進發展方面發揮著重要作用。我們歡迎成立二十國集團全球包容性商業平臺及其擬采取的舉措，歡迎向杭州峰會提交的二十國集團包容性商業報告。 | 37. We acknowledge the important role of inclusive business in development, and welcome the establishment of the G20 Global Platform on Inclusive Business and its future actions. We welcome the G20 Inclusive Business Report for the 2016 Summit |
| 38.我們將履行共同承諾，以成功實現國際開發協會第18次增資和非洲開發基金第14次增資。 | 38. We will fulfill our collective commitment to achieve a successful 18th replenishment of the International Development Association, as well as 14th replenishment of the African Development Fund. |
| 39.我們重申促進基礎設施投資，堅持數量和質量并重。我們歡迎11個多邊開發銀行提出的《支持基礎設施投資行動的聯合愿景聲明》，包括在各機構的職責范圍內宣布的高質量基礎設施項目量化指標，及其為最大限度地提高基礎設施項目質量、加強項目儲備、增進新老多邊開發銀行的合作、提升發展中國家基礎設施投資的有利環境和動員私人投資所做努力。我們強調，高質量基礎設施投資非常重要，其旨在綜合考慮生命周期成本、安全性、抗自然災害的韌性、創造就業機會、能力建設以及知識和專業技能轉移的基礎上，以各方同意的條件確保經濟效率，同時處理好項目的社會和環境影響，并與經濟和發展戰略相一致。我們歡迎多邊開發銀行對《二十國集團多邊開發銀行優化資產負債表行動計劃》的回應，并號召進一步落實該行動計劃。我們注意到基礎設施互聯互通是實現可持續發展和共同繁榮的關鍵。我們核準今年啟動的“全球基礎設施互聯互通聯盟倡議”，以加強基礎設施互聯互通項目的整體協調與合作。我們要求世界銀行作為聯盟秘書處，并與全球基礎設施中心、經合組織、其他多邊開發銀行和有興趣的二十國集團成員一起開展工作。我們核準《二十國集團/經合組織關于基礎設施和中小企業融資工具多元化政策指南文件》，并歡迎全球基礎設施中心完成《政府與社會資本合作風險分擔解析報告》，以幫助發展中國家更好地評估基礎設施風險。我們支持二十國集團/經合組織公司治理原則和中小企業融資高級原則的有效實施，期待根據金融穩定理事會對公司治理進行的同行審議，對《二十國集團/經合組織公司治理原則》的評估方法進行修訂。 | 39. We reaffirm our commitment to promote investment with focus on infrastructure in terms of both quantity and quality. We welcome the Joint Declaration of Aspirations on Actions to Support Infrastructure Investment by 11 multilateral development banks (MDBs), including their announcements of quantitative ambitions for high-quality infrastructure projects within their respective institutional mandates as well as their efforts to maximize the quality of infrastructure projects, strengthen project pipelines, collaborate further among existing and new MDBs, strengthen the enabling environment for infrastructure investment in developing countries, as well as catalyze private resources. We stress the importance of quality infrastructure investment, which aims to ensure economic efficiency in view of life-cycle cost, safety, resilience against natural disaster, job creation, capacity building, and transfer of expertise and know-how on mutually agreed terms and conditions, while addressing social and environmental impacts and aligning with economic and development strategies. We welcome the MDB Response to the G20 MDB Balance Sheet Optimization Action Plan and call for further implementation of the Action Plan. We note that infrastructure connectivity is key to achieving sustainable development and shared prosperity. We endorse the Global Infrastructure Connectivity Alliance launched this year to enhance the synergy and cooperation among various infrastructure connectivity programs in a holistic way. We ask the WBG to serve as the Secretariat of the Alliance, working closely with the Global Infrastructure Hub (GIH), OECD, other MDBs, and interested G20 members to support its activities. We endorse the G20/OECD Guidance Note on Diversification of Financial Instruments for Infrastructure and SMEs and we welcome the Annotated Public-Private Partnership (PPP) Risk Allocation Matrices completed by the GIH to help developing countries better assess infrastructure risks. We support the effective implementation of the G20/OECD Principles of Corporate Governance and G20/OECD High-level Principles on SME Financing and look forward to the revision of the assessment methodology of the G20/OECD Principles of the Corporate Governance, which will be informed by an FSB peer review on corporate governance. |
| 40.創造高質量就業對可持續發展不可或缺，也是二十國集團成員在國內及全球層面的核心議程。我們將確保經濟增長、全球化和技術創新的益處普惠共享，創造更多和更好的工作，減少不平等，促進包容的勞動力參與。我們核準二十國集團勞工就業部長會議研提的戰略、行動計劃和倡議，通過開展有效行動支持創業和就業能力以擴展二十國集團增長和發展議程，其中包括采取措施應對技能需求方面的挑戰，支持創業和就業，創造體面工作，確保在全球供應鏈框架內建設更安全的工作場所，加強社會保障體系。我們核準可持續的工資政策原則。我們認為創業是創造就業機會、推動經濟增長的重要動力，將強化《二十國集團創業行動計劃》中的政策措施，歡迎中國通過設立二十國集團創業研究中心為此作出貢獻。我們核準《二十國集團促進高質量學徒制倡議》，將提高學徒數量、質量、多元化作為優先政策。我們將在2017年進一步完善二十國集團就業計劃，以落實上述承諾，并以系統和透明的方式監測落實二十國集團目標特別是促進青年和女性就業目標的進展。我們認為加強就業市場機制和政策能夠提高生產力，促進體面就業，以此支持更多和可持續的工資增長，特別是低收入工人工資的增長。我們認為應對勞動移民為勞動力市場帶來的機遇和挑戰十分重要，因為管理好移民問題能對經濟帶來潛在益處。 | 40. Generating quality employment is indispensable for sustainable development and is at the center of the G20’s domestic and global agenda. We will work to ensure the benefits from economic growth, globalization and technological innovation are widely shared, creating more and better jobs, reducing inequalities and promoting inclusive labor force participation. We endorse the strategies, action plans and initiatives developed by G20 labor and employment ministers to enhance the growth and development agenda by taking effective actions to address changes in skill needs, support entrepreneurship and employability, foster decent work, ensure safer workplaces including within global supply chains and strengthen social protection systems. We endorse Sustainable Wage Policy Principles. We recognize entrepreneurship is an important driver for job creation and economic growth, reinforce our commitments in the G20 Entrepreneurship Action Plan, and welcome China’s contribution in the establishment of an Entrepreneurship Research Center on G20 Economies. We also endorse the G20 Initiative to Promote Quality Apprenticeship with policy priorities of increasing the quantity, quality and diversity of apprenticeships. We will further develop the G20 employment plans in 2017 to address these commitments and monitor progress in a systemic and transparent manner in achieving the G20 goals especially on youth employment and female labor participation. We recognize strengthened labor market institutions and policies can support productivity and promote decent work, and therefore higher, sustainable wage growth, in particular for the low-income workers. We recognize the importance of addressing opportunities and challenges brought into the labor market through labor migration as well-managed migration can bring potential benefits to economies and societies. |
| 41.二十國集團將繼續優先關注糧食安全、營養、可持續農業增長以及農村發展，為落實2030年可持續發展議程作出重要貢獻。我們核準農業部長會議的成果，鼓勵農業部長們定期會晤并共同促進可持續農業發展和糧食價值鏈，包括通過技術、機制和社會創新、貿易和負責任投資等方式維護糧食安全、促進農村發展、消除貧困。我們支持農業科學部門和私營部門就此作出更多努力，歡迎召開第一次農業企業家論壇。我們認識到家庭農場和小農農業對發展的重要作用，歡迎“家庭農場和小農農業良好實踐”倡議。該倡議包含一系列對二十國集團成員及其他國家有用的政策、項目和工具。我們歡迎包括全球農業和糧食安全計劃在內的有關項目和倡議為促進可持續農業發展作出的貢獻。 | 41. The G20 will continue to prioritize its work on food security, nutrition, sustainable agricultural growth and rural development as a significant contribution to implementing the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. We endorse the outcome of the G20 Agriculture Ministers Meeting and encourage our agriculture ministers to meet regularly to jointly facilitate sustainable agricultural development and food value chains, including through technological, institutional and social innovation, trade and responsible investment, as a means of food security, rural development and poverty alleviation. We support increasing efforts in this regard by the agricultural scientific and private sectors and welcome the opening of the First G20 Agricultural Entrepreneurs Forum. We recognize the role of family farmers and smallholder agriculture in development, and welcome the Good Practices on Family Farming and Smallholder Agriculture that identifies a set of policies, programs and tools that can prove useful to G20 members and beyond. We welcome the contribution by programs and initiatives that promote sustainable agricultural development, including the Global Agriculture and Food Security Program. |
| 影響世界經濟的其他重大全球性挑戰 | Further Significant Global Challenges Affecting the World Economy |
| 42.英國脫歐公投結果為世界經濟增加了不確定性。二十國集團成員已充分準備好積極應對脫歐公投可能帶來的經濟和金融后果。我們希望看到英國未來成為歐盟的緊密伙伴。 | 42. The outcome of the referendum on the UK’s membership of the EU adds to the uncertainty in the global economy. Members of the G20 are well positioned to proactively address the potential economic and financial consequences stemming from the referendum. In the future, we hope to see the UK as a close partner of the EU. |
| 43.我們重申致力于通過可持續發展，以及強力和有效的支持和行動應對氣候變化。我們承諾一旦國內程序允許，將盡快完成加入《巴黎協定》的各自國內程序。我們歡迎部分二十國集團成員加入《協定》，以及推動《協定》在2016年底前生效的努力，期待《協定》及時全面落實。我們確認發達國家落實在聯合國氣候變化公約框架下所作的承諾，包括為發展中國家根據《協定》開展減緩和適應行動提供資金等的重要性。我們重申綠色氣候基金提供支持的重要性。我們歡迎二十國集團氣候資金研究小組關于“以有效和透明的方式提供和動員氣候資金以強化減緩和適應行動”的報告。我們期待在包括《蒙特利爾議定書》和國際民航組織在內的有關多邊場合取得成功并富有成果。 | 43. We reiterate our commitment to sustainable development and strong and effective support and actions to address climate change. We commit to complete our respective domestic procedures in order to join the Paris Agreement as soon as our national procedures allow. We welcome those G20 members who joined the Agreement and efforts to enable the Paris Agreement to enter into force by the end of 2016 and look forward to its timely implementation with all its aspects. We affirm the importance of fulfilling the UNFCCC commitment by developed countries in providing means of implementation including financial resources to assist developing countries with respect to both mitigation and adaptation actions in line with Paris outcomes. We reaffirm the importance of the support provided by the Green Climate Fund. We welcome the G20 Climate Finance Study Group report on “Promoting Efficient and Transparent Provision and Mobilization of Climate Finance to Enhance Ambition of Mitigation and Adaptation Actions”. We look forward to successful outcomes in related multilateral fora, including the Montreal Protocol and the International Civil Aviation Organization. |
| 44.二戰以來前所未有的世界范圍的大規模被迫流離失所，特別是由于暴力沖突導致的遷徙，已引起全球關注。我們繼續重申在安塔利亞峰會上的呼吁，即國際社會應根據國際法共同行動應對難民危機的影響、保護需求和根源，分攤相關負擔。我們呼吁加強對難民及難民安置的人道主義援助，邀請所有國家根據自身能力加大對有關國際組織的協助，提升其幫助受影響國家的能力，努力尋找持久解決方案，特別是應對難民形勢長期化問題，并在此方面增強對難民接受地發展援助的作用。我們支持應對當前危機的國際努力，期待即將在聯合國大會期間召開的高級別會議取得成功。我們注意到世界銀行將與其他國際組織及其股東國一道成立一個全球危機反應平臺，以支持中低收入國家的難民及其接受地的努力。2017年，二十國集團將繼續應對被迫流離失所和移民問題，并著眼于研擬具體行動。二十國集團還將在2017年研究移民問題。 | 44. Worldwide massive forced displacement of people, unprecedented since the Second World War, especially those generated from violent conflicts, is a global concern. We reiterate our call in Antalya for global concerted efforts in addressing the effects, protection need and root causes of refugee crisis to share in the burden associated with it. We call for strengthening humanitarian assistance for refugees and refugee resettlement, and we invite all states, according to their individual capacity, to scale up assistance to relevant international organizations in order to enhance their capabilities to assist affected countries, intensifying efforts to find durable solutions, in particular for protracted refugee situations, and in this regard, strengthening the contribution of development assistance to host communities. We support the international efforts to respond to the ongoing crisis and note the upcoming high-level meetings which will take place during the UN General Assembly. We note the World Bank’s effort to work with other international organizations and its shareholders to develop a global crisis response platform to provide support to refugees and host communities in both low and middle income countries. The G20 will continue to address forced displacement in 2017 with a view to developing concrete actions. The G20 will also examine migration issues in 2017. |
| 45.我們強烈譴責任何形式的恐怖主義，其對國際和平與安全構成嚴重挑戰，危害我們加強全球經濟、確保可持續增長與發展的努力。我們重申團結一致打擊一切形式的恐怖主義，無論發生在何地。我們將阻截恐怖主義融資的所有來源、技術和渠道，包括勒索、稅收、走私自然資源、搶劫銀行、搶劫文化財產、外部捐贈、綁架贖金。為應對恐怖主義，我們繼續承諾有效交換信息，凍結恐怖分子資產，將恐怖主義融資入刑。我們呼吁在世界范圍內快速、有效和普遍落實金融行動特別工作組標準和聯合國安理會2253號決議條款。我們歡迎金融行動特別工作組在實施其打擊恐怖主義融資新綜合戰略方面取得的進展，并呼吁有效落實其行動計劃。我們呼吁金融行動特別工作組在2017年3月前研究如何在增強其引導力、加強金融行動特別工作組網絡以及與其類似的區域機構的有效性方面取得進展。 | 45. We strongly condemn terrorism in all forms and manifestations, which poses serious challenges to international peace and security and endangers our ongoing efforts to strengthen the global economy and ensure sustainable growth and development. We reaffirm our solidarity and resolve in the fight against terrorism in all its forms and wherever it occurs. We will tackle all sources, techniques and channels of terrorist financing, including extortion, taxation, smuggling of natural resources, bank looting, looting of cultural property, external donation, and kidnapping for ransom. In confronting terrorism, we remain committed to effectively exchanging information, freezing terrorist assets, and criminalizing terrorist financing. We call for the swift, effective and universal implementation of the FATF standards and of the provisions of the UN Security Council resolution 2253 worldwide. We welcome the progress achieved by the FATF in the implementation of its new Consolidated Strategy on Combating Terrorist Financing and call for effective implementation of its operational plan. We call on the FATF to reflect by March 2017 on ways to progress in strengthening its traction capacity and enhanced effectiveness of the network of FATF and FATF-style regional bodies. |
| 46.抗生素耐藥性嚴重威脅公共健康、經濟增長和全球經濟穩定。我們確認有必要從體現二十國集團自身優勢的角度，采取包容的方式應對抗生素耐藥性問題，以實證方法預防和減少抗生素耐藥性，同時推動研發新的和現有的抗生素。我們呼吁世界衛生組織、聯合國糧農組織、世界動物衛生組織、經合組織于2017年提交聯合報告，就應對這一問題及其經濟影響提出政策選項。鑒此，我們將推動謹慎使用抗生素，并考慮在抗生素可負擔和可獲得性方面的巨大挑戰及其對公共衛生的影響。我們強烈支持世界衛生組織、聯合國糧農組織、世界動物衛生組織的工作，期待在聯合國大會期間成功舉辦抗生素耐藥性問題高級別會議。我們期待在下任主席國任內就如何應對這些問題開展討論。 | 46. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a serious threat to public health, growth and global economic stability. We affirm the need to explore in an inclusive manner to fight antimicrobial resistance by developing evidence-based ways to prevent and mitigate resistance, and unlock research and development into new and existing antimicrobials from a G20 value-added perspective, and call on the WHO, FAO, OIE and OECD to collectively report back in 2017 on options to address this including the economic aspects. In this context, we will promote prudent use of antibiotics and take into consideration huge challenges of affordability and access of antimicrobials and their impact on public health. We strongly support the work of the WHO, FAO and the OIE and look forward to a successful high-level meeting on AMR during the UN General Assembly. We look forward to the discussion under the upcoming presidency for dealing with these issues. |
| 47.我們重申，二十國集團創始精神是主要經濟體平等合作并共同采取行動。凡所承諾，定將落實。 | 47. We reaffirm that the G20’s founding spirit is to bring together the major economies on an equal footing to catalyze action. Once we agree, we will deliver. |
| 48.我們感謝中國成功主辦杭州峰會并對二十國集團進程作出貢獻，期待2017年在德國、2018年在阿根廷再會。 | 48. We thank China for hosting a successful Hangzhou Summit and its contribution to the G20 process, and look forward to meeting again in Germany in 2017 and in Argentina in 2018. |
| 附件一：二十國集團創新增長藍圖 | |
| 附件二：二十國集團落實2030年可持續發展議程行動計劃 | G20 Action Plan on the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development |
| 附件三：二十國集團深化結構性改革議程 | G20 Enhanced Structural Reform Agenda ? (Source: Xinhua) |
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