李克強在會見亞洲新聞聯盟媒體負責人并座談時的談話（全文）
Full text: Li meets senior editors of Asia News Network members

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5月31日，國務院總理李克強在北京人民大會堂會見來華出席亞洲新聞聯盟年會的各國媒體負責人并同他們座談。[新華社]

5月31日，國務院總理李克強在北京人民大會堂會見來華出席亞洲新聞聯盟年會的各國媒體負責人并同他們座談。[新華社]
Chinese Premier Li Keqiang meets and has dialogue with senior editors from Asia attending the annual meeting of the Asia News Network (ANN) in China at the Great Hall of the People on May 31. [Xinhua]

2016年5月31日下午，國務院總理李克強在人民大會堂會見來華出席亞洲新聞聯盟年會的亞洲國家和地區媒體負責人，并同他們座談。實錄如下：	Premier Li Keqiang met and had dialogue with senior editors from Asia attending the annual meeting of the Asia News Network (ANN) in China at the Great Hall of the People on Tuesday afternoon. The following is the transcript of their dialogue:?
李克強：很高興和大家見面。我代表中國政府，對亞洲新聞聯盟在中國北京舉行總編輯年會表示歡迎，對年會圓滿成功表示祝賀。參加亞洲新聞聯盟的媒體都是不僅在本地區，而且在世界上有一定影響力的媒體。希望各媒體加強溝通，搭建一個亞洲發聲的平臺，而且越做越強。我也愿意回答你們的問題。	Li Keqiang: It's very good to meet you all. Let me extend, on behalf of the Chinese government, warm welcome to you for coming to Beijing to attend the annual editors' meeting and congratulations on the success of the meeting. The ANN members are media of influence not only in Asia but also around the world. I hope the members will strengthen communication and build a platform for Asia to make its voice better heard, and I wish you greater success. I am happy to answer your questions.
亞洲新聞聯盟秘書長簡沃熱：亞洲新聞聯盟是世界上類似新聞聯盟中規模最大的之一，現在有來自19個亞洲國家的21家成員。我們更加了解亞洲。很榮幸您今天下午和我們見面。我下面請幾位媒體負責人向您提問。	ANN Executive Director Pana Janviroj: The ANN is one of the biggest of its kind in the world, with 21 members from 19 Asian countries. Our motto is: we know Asia better. It is a privilege to have this meeting with you this afternoon. Allow me to invite a few colleagues to speak.
泰國《民族報》多媒體集團創始人蘇提猜：中國發展非常迅速，世界影響力不斷提升，東南亞國家作為朋友和伙伴密切關注中國發展變化。中國是一個大國，甚至可以說是超級大國，體量巨大。相比之下，一些小國在談判中難免擔心中國是否會以“老大哥”自居，利用政治經濟等方面的優勢地位推動實現自身目標。如何讓有關國家感到放心，中國不是“壞大哥”，而是“好大哥”？	Suthichai Saeyoon, founder of The Nation of Thailand: China has been developing very fast and its influence in the world has been rising. Southeast Asian countries have followed China's development closely as friends and partners. Meantime, China is a big country, or a superpower. Some small countries may feel that China may act as a "big brother" to use its political and economic muscle to advance its own purposes in negotiations. How can you make them reassured that China is not a bad "big brother" but a good "big brother"?
李克強：首先我想說明兩點。第一，中國不是什么“超級大國”，而是一個發展中國家。雖然我們是世界最大的發展中國家，經濟總量居世界前列，但是人均國內生產總值（GDP）還排在世界80位以后，談不上有超級大國的基礎，更不要說我們根本沒有作所謂超級大國的想法。	Li Keqiang: Let me first make two points. First, China is no "superpower" , but a developing country. Though being the biggest developing country with one of the largest economies in the world, China still ranks behind some 80 countries in terms of per capita GDP. We don't have the basis to be a superpower, still less do we intend to be one.
第二，在同鄰國相處當中，中國從來沒有以“老大哥”自居。中國奉行的是獨立自主的和平外交政策，秉持親誠惠容的周邊外交理念，主張國家不論大小一律平等。如果我們之間都有誠摯的愿望，就能成為好兄弟、好朋友，不存在誰是大哥的問題。	Second, in developing relations with its neighbors, China has never posed itself as a "big brother". China follows an independent foreign policy of peace, a neighborhood policy featuring amity, sincerity, mutual benefit and inclusiveness, and believes that all countries, big or small, are equals. We could all be good brothers and good friends when we share such sincere wish. There is no such thing as one being the "big brother".
中國有領土接壤的鄰國，也有隔海相望的鄰國，加起來有20個，可以說是世界上鄰國最多的國家之一。我們和鄰國是命運共同體。中國要實現現代化還有很長的路要走，而且必須要有一個穩定的地區環境與和平的國際環境，所以中國致力于維護地區穩定。我們和周邊國家之間多多少少會有這樣那樣的分歧，但是這并不代表我們關系的主流，我們的共同利益遠遠大于分歧。中方在處理分歧時始終主張，國家之間以平等相待、相互尊重的原則，以和平的手段協商解決問題。	China has 20 neighbors, sharing land border with some and facing some across the sea. China has more neighboring countries than any other country in the world. We and our neighbors are entwined in a community of shared future. China still has a long way to go before it can achieve modernization, and we need a stable regional environment and peaceful international environment to reach this goal. Hence, China is committed to upholding regional stability. In the meantime, we do have certain disagreements with some neighbors, but these differences are not the mainstream of China's relations with those countries, and our common interests far outweigh those differences. In addressing differences, China believes that countries should seek peaceful solutions through consultation on the basis of equality and mutual respect.
基于這樣的原則，我相信，我們和鄰國之間本著誠意都可以成為好朋友、好鄰居，甚至是好兄弟。	In keeping with such principles, I believe, China and all neighbors, in good faith, can be good friends, good neighbors and even good brothers.
印尼《雅加達郵報》總編輯拜云尼：今天上午，我們同亞洲基礎設施投資銀行負責人就“一帶一路”倡議進行了對話探討。我了解到“一帶一路”的一個重要組成部分，就是同有關國家建設海上絲綢之路。我來自印尼，印尼政府對這一倡議持支持態度，認為其有助于加強各國合作與和平。同時，我也看到中國正在大力發展藍水海軍。我認為這兩者關于中國的意圖似乎發出相互矛盾的信號，您能否解釋兩者存在的差異？	Endy Mouzardi Bayuni, Editor-in-Chief of The Jakarta Post: This morning, we had a dialogue with head of the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) about the Belt and Road Initiative. One important part is to build with relevant countries the maritime silk road. I am from Indonesia. My government has expressed support to this initiative, as it will help strengthen peace and cooperation between relevant countries. Meanwhile, China is making great efforts to build a blue water navy. They seem to send conflicting messages about China's intentions. How would you explain such discrepancies?
李克強：中國倡導建設海上絲綢之路，而且海上絲綢之路同有關國家自身的戰略，包括印尼的海洋強國戰略，都是可以相對接的。絲綢之路概念的內涵就是和平、合作、發展。	Li Keqiang: China has proposed to build the maritime silk road, which can be aligned with the development strategies of relevant countries, including Indonesia's maritime power strategy. Peace, cooperation and development have been the underlying spirit of the Silk Road.
中國奉行防御性的國防政策。我們發展海軍，同推進海上絲綢之路建設并不矛盾，因為中國歷來主張在南海和其他相關海域，維護各國依法享有的航行自由和安全。有了航行自由和安全，我們的貿易和交往就會進一步擴大，還可以在更廣泛領域進行合作，保證海域的和平安全。	China follows a defense policy that is defensive in nature. The development of our navy and the building of the maritime silk road do not conflict with each other. China has all along called for upholding the freedom and safety of navigation in the South China Sea and other maritime areas, a right enjoyed by all countries under the law. Freedom and safety of navigation provides enabling conditions for us to expand trade and exchanges, and engage in cooperation in wider fields for peace and security on the sea.
請各位記住一點，中國的傳統是“己所不欲，勿施于人”。歷史上我們曾經遭受過侵略、壓迫，因此不愿看到其他國家再有類似經歷。我們同各國和平共處，發展本國的國防力量，既是維護國家主權和領土完整，也是維護這個地區的和平和安全。	One should bear in mind that the Chinese believe in "not doing to others what one does not like oneself." The Chinese people suffered aggression and oppression in modern times, and we do not want to see similar things happen to other countries. By living in peace with other countries and developing its defense capability, China is upholding its own sovereignty and territorial integrity and contributing its part to regional peace and security.
韓國《韓國先驅導報》總編輯鐘世勇：朝鮮進行核武器和導彈挑釁，使安理會通過有關制裁決議，現在國際社會包括中國都在執行。您認為制裁是否足夠強有力，能讓朝鮮放棄核、導計劃？如果朝鮮繼續堅持核、導計劃，中國是否會增加制裁力度？中國在緩和半島局勢緊張方面還會做哪些努力？	Chon Shi-yong, Editor-in-Chief of The Korean Herald: The international community has put sanctions on the DPRK for its nuclear and missile provocations. Do you think the sanctions are strong enough for the DPRK to give up its nuclear and missile programs? If the DPRK is still defiant, will China put more pressure on North Korea? What more will China do to ease the tension on the Peninsula?
李克強：中國對朝核問題的立場是一貫、明確的。我們堅持維護半島和平穩定，堅持半島無核化目標，堅持通過對話協商和平解決。對朝鮮進行核試和發射衛星，聯合國安理會已經通過了有關決議，中國作為聯合國成員和負責任大國，將認真全面執行安理會相關決議，維護國際核不擴散體系。	Li Keqiang: China's position on the Korean nuclear issue is consistent and clear-cut. We are committed to upholding peace and stability on the Peninsula, achieving the denuclearization of the Peninsula and settling relevant issues peacefully through dialogue and consultation. The UN Security Council has adopted relevant resolutions in response to the DPRK's nuclear test and satellite launch. As a member of the UN and a responsible major country, China will earnestly and fully implement the relevant resolutions and uphold the international nuclear non-proliferation regime.
制裁并不是解決問題的唯一方法。很多問題從根本上得到解決，最終還是通過和平談判的外交手段。我們一直主張相關各方進行包括六方會談在內的談判，也希望有關國家同朝方直接接觸，推動半島實現無核化。中方將遵守所作諾言，也會盡自己應盡的努力。	To impose sanctions is not the only means to resolve the issue. The fundamental solution to many problems ultimately lies in the diplomatic means of peaceful negotiation. We always call upon relevant parties to carry out negotiations, including the Six Party Talks, and hope that relevant countries will talk to the DPRK directly to push for the denuclearization of the Peninsula. China will honor its commitment and make its due efforts.
老撾《萬象時報》副總編輯沃拉克琿：您對中國東盟關系發展前景怎么看？有何期待？	Phonekeo Volakhoun, Deputy Editor-in-Chief of the Vientiane Times: How do you view the prospects of China-ASEAN relations?
李克強：中國和東盟一直保持著良好關系。我們從一開始就支持東盟一體化進程，支持東盟共同體建設。中國和東盟有著相互依存、互補性很強的關系。今年9月，我將赴老撾出席東亞合作領導人系列會議，包括中國和東盟領導人的10+1會議。希望通過這次會議推動中國和東盟關系發展。	Li Keqiang: China and ASEAN have maintained sound relations. From day one, China has supported the ASEAN integration process and its community-building. China and ASEAN are interdependent and highly complementary. This September, I will go to the Lao PDR to attend the ASEAN-related Summits, including the 10+1 Summit. I hope that this meeting will further boost China-ASEAN relations.
今年也是中國和東盟建立對話關系25周年，我們希望通過舉行紀念活動，使中國和東盟之間增進政治互信，對接發展戰略，擴大務實交流，增進人文往來。中國與東盟的關系總體是向好的，我們的共同利益遠遠大于中國和東盟哪個國家之間存在的分歧。應該把共同利益進一步擴大，持續釋放共同維護地區穩定、促進地區發展的信號，讓人們了解到，這個地區是可以保持和平穩定的。關于有關國家之間的分歧，雙方是有能力有智慧去解決的。中國－東盟合作是這個地區的穩定力量，也會使亞洲作為世界最有活力的增長地區進一步發揮潛力。	This year marks the 25th anniversary of the dialogue relationship between China and ASEAN. We hope that by holding a series of commemorative activities, China and ASEAN will further enhance political trust, synergize development strategies, and expand practical exchanges and people-to-people contacts. China-ASEAN relations are generally moving in a positive direction. Our shared interests are far greater than the differences between China and certain ASEAN member states. We should further expand common interests and continue to send the message of jointly upholding regional stability and promoting regional development to let people see that this region can maintain peace and stability. As for the differences between certain countries, the two sides have the ability and wisdom to resolve them. China-ASEAN cooperation is a force for stability in this region and will further unleash the potential of Asia as the most dynamic region for growth in the world.
巴基斯坦《黎明報》總編輯阿巴斯：我想提一個有關南亞地區發展的問題。中國提出“一帶一路”愿景，并且在巴基斯坦啟動雙方合作的中巴經濟走廊有關項目。我們都認為，這一項目會為巴基斯坦社會發展和經濟繁榮帶來巨大轉變。近期，我們還看到伊朗、阿富汗的一些地區在印度資金支持下，將啟動一系列港口、公路等基礎設施建設。中方怎么看待這些項目？是把他們看作干擾因素？還是認為他們是有助于促進地區經濟發展的良性競爭？	Zaffar Abbas, Editor of Dawn of Pakistan: I wish to raise a question on South Asia. China has proposed the Belt and Road Initiative and launched in Pakistan cooperation projects under the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor. We believe that this will bring economic development and prosperity to Pakistan. But recently, Iran and Afghanistan are also rolling out infrastructure projects including sea ports and road, financed by India. Does China view this as an irritant to its own initiative or welcome it as healthy competition that will boost economic development in the region?
李克強：當前世界經濟復蘇乏力。根據世界貿易組織（WTO）預計，今年可能是全球貿易若干年來最低迷的一年。世界各國的共同任務是推動經濟增長，擴大貿易總量。換句話說，要把蛋糕做大。	Li Keqiang: The world economic recovery remains sluggish. The WTO forecast that we may have a weaker performance of global trade this year than any of the previous several years. Hence, it is the common task of all countries to bolster growth and expand trade, in other words, to make the pie bigger.
中國始終主張，解決世界經濟金融危機的良方之一，就是促進貿易和投資的自由化、便利化，所以說無論在哪個國家出現新的經濟增長點，對中國來說都是個好消息，也都可能會給中國企業提供更多的機遇。市場經濟發展必然有競爭，我們愿意看到競爭，如果沒有競爭，那就會使劣幣驅逐良幣，好的企業就發展不起來。我們不會也不愿保護落后，希望在世界大市場中平等競爭，愿意看到南亞地區各國都能夠和平發展。亞洲如果能夠成為推動世界經濟增長的新引擎，一定要靠包括東亞、南亞、中亞等在內的各地區來共同打造。	China all along holds that one important way to emerge from the world economic and financial crisis is to promote trade and investment liberalization and facilitation. Hence, it is good news to China to see a new growth point in any country, as it may bring more opportunities to Chinese companies too. Competition is only natural in a market economy and we welcome it. Without competition, bad currency may drive good currency out of circulation and there will be no chance for good companies. We have no wish to protect the backward. What we hope to see is a level playing field on the big world market, and we also wish to see peace and development in all South Asian countries. For Asia to truly become the new engine driving world economic growth, there must be inputs from all parts and directions of the region, be it the east, south or central.
中國改革開放30多年來，經濟社會發展取得顯著成就，其中很重要的一點是開放。應對國際金融危機，也還是要靠全球化條件下的開放發展。打貿易戰、貨幣戰，是不能解決危機帶來的問題的。	Opening-up has been essential for China's achievements in economic and social development over the past three decades. To tackle the global financial crisis, one needs to stay open in this globalized era. To fight a trade war or currency war delivers no solution to the crisis.
新加坡《海峽時報》總編輯費爾南德斯：我上次來中國采訪還是上世紀90年代。過去20多年中，我們很高興看到中國乃至整個亞洲取得的發展成就，很大程度上確實得益于您剛才提到的和平穩定環境。同時，在南海地區我們還是存在不安和擔憂。我想問，中國是否愿意在解決相關問題上扮演或者發揮新興大國，或者說超級大國的領導作用，真正把這些事情擱置起來，比如與有關國家達成《南海行為準則》，或者通過中立的國際途徑來解決？	Warren Fernandez, Editor-in-Chief of The Straits Times: My last visit to China was in the 1990s as a correspondent. It is great to see the development achievements of China and Asia in the past two decades, which is largely attributable to the peaceful and stable environment you just referred to. Meanwhile, we still have anxiety about the South China Sea. My question is: will China take the lead in a new form of superpower to put the issues behind us by reaching the COC with relevant countries, or seeking a neutral international solution?
李克強：你問的問題表明你是個資深記者，但看你的面孔還很年輕（眾人笑），這是好事，可以把你的健身之道和同仁們分享。	Li Keqiang: Your question shows you are a senior journalist, though you look so young. (laughter) This is a good thing. You may care to share your secret with your colleagues.
我還是要說，中國不是、也不愿意成為超級大國。我們始終主張國與國之間，不論大小，都要相互尊重、平等相待開展合作。所以談不上你提到的“領導者”，或是你的泰國同仁說的“老大哥”。	I wish to emphasize that China is not, and has no intention to be a superpower. We believe that all countries, big or small, should work with each other on the basis of mutual respect and equality. So there is no such thing as China being a "leader", or a "big brother" as mentioned by your Thai colleague.
關于南海問題，中國一直采取建設性態度，在尊重歷史、尊重國際法的基礎上，主張地區國家形成一個認識一致的解決方案。因此才有了《南海各方行為宣言》，在10多年的時間里維護了南海地區的和平穩定。最近兩年，我們也聽到有關方面的建議和呼聲，同有關國家推進南海行為準則的商談，也可以說是《南海各方行為宣言》的一個延續。中國采取積極態度參與并推進這一進程。我相信，地區國家完全有能力維護地區的和平穩定，也有智慧解決地區存在的問題。就像《南海各方行為宣言》中所說的，由直接有關的主權國家通過友好磋商和談判，以和平方式解決領土和管轄權爭議。我們還提出擱置爭議、共同開發的倡議。中方一直堅定奉行這些原則。	On the South China Sea issue, China has taken a constructive approach, and calls on regional countries to find solutions through consensus building on the basis of respecting history and the international law. This led us to concluding the Declaration on the Conduct of Parties in the South China Sea (DOC), an anchor for peace and stability in the South China Sea for over ten years. In the past couple of years, there has been suggestion and call from relevant countries for advancing the consultation of a COC, which can be viewed as continuation of the DOC. China has taken a positive approach to this process. I believe that regional countries have the capability to maintain peace and stability in the region and the wisdom to address the existing issues. Just as provided in the DOC, it should be the sovereign states directly concerned to peacefully resolve their territorial and jurisdictional disputes through friendly consultation and negotiation. We have also put forward the idea of shelving disputes and pursuing joint development. These are the principles that China has all along followed.
印度《政治家報》總編輯庫馬爾：最近印度總統對中國進行了國事訪問，在我看來，印中雙邊交往非常頻繁。但為什么所有這些都沒有使印中解決邊界問題呢？	Ravindra Kumar, Editor-in-Chief of The Statesman of India: President of India recently paid a state visit to China. There seems to be much high-level interactions between the two countries. But why hasn't the boundary question been settled?
李克強：我們首先要看，印中雙方的邊界問題，形成的時間有多長。這是一個長期遺留的歷史問題，不能苛求在很短時間內把一個很長時間形成的復雜歷史問題解決掉，總是要有一個過程，就像吃飯一樣，要一口一口吃。第二，我們要看，邊界問題在中印關系中究竟占多大分量。現在中印雙方有共同意愿維護邊境地區的穩定和安全，通過談判逐步解決問題，對可能發生的分歧也有不斷增加的溝通渠道。中印雙方完全有能力來管控分歧。那么中印關系的主要方面，就應該是如何進一步增強我們的政治互信，擴大務實往來，增加人員交流，這是中印雙方特別是政治家應該著力推動的共贏關系。	Li Keqiang: We should first be mindful of the long history of the boundary question. This is a long-standing issue left from the past. Such a complex issue that has existed for a long time couldn't be resolved in a short span of time. That would be too much to ask. This will take time, just as when one has his meal, he should eat one mouthful at a time. Second, the boundary question should be put in a proper place in China-India relations. Now both countries have the wish to maintain stability and security in the border areas and to seek settlement step by step through negotiations. There are also an increasing number of channels for communication in managing differences. China and India are fully able to properly manage their differences. China and India should stay focused on enhancing political mutual trust, expanding practical cooperation and increasing people-to-people interaction. This is the win-win relationship that both sides, especially political leaders from the two countries, should work to advance.
歷史正在給中印兩國一個很大的機遇。在世界經濟復蘇乏力的情況下，亞洲需要展現活力，而中印兩國的人口加起來有25億，超過世界人口的1/3，這是多么大的市場！如果中印雙方形成合作的合力，我想造福的不僅是中印雙方人民，而是亞洲乃至整個世界。	This era is presenting China and India a great opportunity. At a time when the world economic recovery remains sluggish, the dynamism of Asia is needed more than ever. With a combined population of 2.5 billion that accounts for 1/3 of the world total, China and India represent an enormous market. If China and India work together and forge synergy, it will deliver benefits not only to the Chinese and Indian people, but also to Asia and beyond.
簡沃熱：非常感謝總理先生。	Kumar: Thank you, Mr. Premier.
李克強：今天后排還有不少媒體代表，時間關系，不能一一回答大家的問題，請你們諒解。我最后想講幾句：	Li Keqiang: There are still more delegates sitting in the back row. Due to time constraint, we couldn't have each and every one to ask his/her questions, and I hope to have your understanding. In conclusion, let me say:
首先，中國還是一個發展中國家，要實現現代化還有很長的路要走。即便中國今后實現了現代化，也絕不會尋求霸權，更不會去欺負他國。根據中國的文化傳統和我們的歷史遭遇，大家應該能夠作出這樣的判斷。	First, China is still a developing country and there is a long way to go before it can achieve modernization. Even if it becomes a modern country, China will not seek hegemony or bully others. I believe this is only a fair conclusion that one draws when he takes into account China's cultural tradition and historical experiences.
第二，正是因為中國的目標是要實現現代化，我們需要和平的國際環境和穩定的周邊環境，需要我們同鄰國以及世界其他國家，不論大小，都平等相待，相互尊重，這樣才能實現和諧，提供有利于發展的必要條件。	Second, to modernize our country, we need a peaceful international environment and a stable neighborhood. And China, its neighbors, and all other countries need to treat each other as equals and respect each other irrespective of the size of our country. Only in this way can there be harmony and the necessary conditions for development.
第三，一個人自己還有牙齒咬嘴唇的時候，鄰居相處不可能沒有分歧、沒有磕磕碰碰，問題在于要以平和的心態，用外交的手段和協商的辦法來解決問題和分歧。更重要的是，要擺正分歧的位置。如果把它無限擴大，就可能損害我們的共同利益。當今是一個需要和平合作的時代，我們之間可以不斷擴大共同利益，分歧和問題一定會得到逐步的解決，未來會是美好的。	Third, as one's own teeth may accidentally bite one's lip, it's only natural that neighbors may have differences or disagreements. The key is to keep the peace of mind and handle differences, through diplomatic means in a calm way. What's more important is to put differences in a proper place. To blow them out of proportion would only hurt our common interests. The call of our time is peace and cooperation. We should keep expanding common interests, and in this process, differences and issues will be gradually resolved. I have faith in a bright future.
歡迎你們經常到中國來，也希望你們不斷對中國作出更多客觀真實報道。	You are welcome to visit China often and I look forward to more objective and truthful coverage of China from you.