《中國的軍事戰略》白皮書
White Paper: China's Military Strategy
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| 三、積極防御戰略方針 | III. Strategic Guideline of Active Defense |
| 積極防御戰略思想是中國共產黨軍事戰略思想的基本點。在長期革命戰爭實踐中，人民軍隊形成了一整套積極防御戰略思想，堅持戰略上防御與戰役戰斗上進攻的統一，堅持防御、自衛、后發制人的原則，堅持“人不犯我，我不犯人；人若犯我，我必犯人”。 | The strategic concept of active defense is the essence of the CPC's military strategic thought. From the long-term practice of revolutionary wars, the people's armed forces have developed a complete set of strategic concepts of active defense, which boils down to: adherence to the unity of strategic defense and operational and tactical offense; adherence to the principles of defense, self-defense and post-emptive strike; and adherence to the stance that "We will not attack unless we are attacked, but we will surely counterattack if attacked." |
| 新中國成立后，中央軍委確立積極防御軍事戰略方針，并根據國家安全形勢發展變化對積極防御軍事戰略方針的內容進行了多次調整。1993年，制定新時期軍事戰略方針，以打贏現代技術特別是高技術條件下局部戰爭為軍事斗爭準備基點。2004年，充實完善新時期軍事戰略方針，把軍事斗爭準備基點進一步調整為打贏信息化條件下的局部戰爭。 | Shortly after the founding of the PRC in 1949, the Central Military Commission (CMC) established the military strategic guideline of active defense, and later, in line with the developments and changes in the national security situation, had made a number of major revisions of it. In 1993 the military strategic guideline of the new era was formulated, which took winning local wars in conditions of modern technology, particularly high technology, as the basic point in making preparation for military struggle (PMS). In 2004, the guideline was further substantiated, and the basic point for PMS was modified to winning local wars under conditions of informationization. |
| 中國社會主義性質和國家根本利益，走和平發展道路的客觀要求，決定中國必須毫不動搖堅持積極防御戰略思想，同時不斷豐富和發展這一思想的內涵。根據國家安全和發展戰略，適應新的歷史時期形勢任務要求，堅持實行積極防御軍事戰略方針，與時俱進加強軍事戰略指導，進一步拓寬戰略視野、更新戰略思維、前移指導重心，整體運籌備戰與止戰、維權與維穩、威懾與實戰、戰爭行動與和平時期軍事力量運用，注重深遠經略，塑造有利態勢，綜合管控危機，堅決遏制和打贏戰爭。 | China's socialist nature, fundamental national interests and the objective requirement of taking the path of peaceful development all demand that China unswervingly adhere to and enrich the strategic concept of active defense. Guided by national security and development strategies, and required by the situation and their tasks in the new historical period, China's armed forces will continue to implement the military strategic guideline of active defense and enhance military strategic guidance as the times so require. They will further broaden strategic vision, update strategic thinking and make strategic guidance more forward-looking. A holistic approach will be taken to balance war preparation and war prevention, rights protection and stability maintenance, deterrence and warfighting, and operations in wartime and employment of military forces in peacetime. They will lay stress on farsighted planning and management to create a favorable posture, comprehensively manage crises, and resolutely deter and win wars. |
| 實行新形勢下積極防御軍事戰略方針，調整軍事斗爭準備基點。根據戰爭形態演變和國家安全形勢，將軍事斗爭準備基點放在打贏信息化局部戰爭上，突出海上軍事斗爭和軍事斗爭準備，有效控制重大危機，妥善應對連鎖反應，堅決捍衛國家領土主權、統一和安全。 | To implement the military strategic guideline of active defense in the new situation, China's armed forces will adjust the basic point for PMS. In line with the evolving form of war and national security situation, the basic point for PMS will be placed on winning informationized local wars, highlighting maritime military struggle and maritime PMS. The armed forces will work to effectively control major crises, properly handle possible chain reactions, and firmly safeguard the country's territorial sovereignty, integrity and security. |
| 實行新形勢下積極防御軍事戰略方針，創新基本作戰思想。根據各個方向安全威脅和軍隊能力建設實際，堅持靈活機動、自主作戰的原則，你打你的、我打我的，運用諸軍兵種一體化作戰力量，實施信息主導、精打要害、聯合制勝的體系作戰。 | To implement the military strategic guideline of active defense in the new situation, China's armed forces will innovate basic operational doctrines. In response to security threats from different directions and in line with their current capabilities, the armed forces will adhere to the principles of flexibility, mobility and self-dependence so that "you fight your way and I fight my way." Integrated combat forces will be employed to prevail in system-vs-system operations featuring information dominance, precision strikes and joint operations. |
| 實行新形勢下積極防御軍事戰略方針，優化軍事戰略布局。根據中國地緣戰略環境、面臨安全威脅和軍隊戰略任務，構建全局統籌、分區負責，相互策應、互為一體的戰略部署和軍事布勢；應對太空、網絡空間等新型安全領域威脅，維護共同安全；加強海外利益攸關區國際安全合作，維護海外利益安全。 | To implement the military strategic guideline of active defense in the new situation, China's armed forces will optimize the military strategic layout. In view of China's geostrategic environment, the security threats it faces and the strategic tasks they shoulder, the armed forces will make overall planning for strategic deployment and military disposition, in order to clearly divide areas of responsibility for their troops, and enable them to support each other and act as an organic whole. Threats from such new security domains as outer space and cyber space will be dealt with to maintain the common security of the world community. China's armed forces will strengthen international security cooperation in areas crucially related to China's overseas interests, to ensure the security of such interests. |
| 實行新形勢下積極防御軍事戰略方針，堅持以下原則：服從服務于國家戰略目標，貫徹總體國家安全觀，加強軍事斗爭準備，預防危機、遏制戰爭、打贏戰爭；營造有利于國家和平發展的戰略態勢，堅持防御性國防政策，堅持政治、軍事、經濟、外交等領域斗爭密切配合，積極應對國家可能面臨的綜合安全威脅；保持維權維穩平衡，統籌維權和維穩兩個大局，維護國家領土主權和海洋權益，維護周邊安全穩定；努力爭取軍事斗爭戰略主動，積極運籌謀劃各方向各領域軍事斗爭，抓住機遇加快推進軍隊建設、改革和發展；運用靈活機動的戰略戰術，發揮聯合作戰整體效能，集中優勢力量，綜合運用戰法手段；立足應對最復雜最困難情況，堅持底線思維，扎實做好各項準備工作，確保妥善應對、措置裕如；充分發揮人民軍隊特有的政治優勢，堅持黨對軍隊的絕對領導，重視戰斗精神培育，嚴格部隊組織紀律性，純潔鞏固部隊，密切軍政軍民關系，鼓舞軍心士氣；發揮人民戰爭的整體威力，堅持把人民戰爭作為克敵制勝的重要法寶，拓展人民戰爭的內容和方式方法，推動戰爭動員以人力動員為主向以科技動員為主轉變；積極拓展軍事安全合作空間，深化與大國、周邊、發展中國家的軍事關系，促進建立地區安全和合作架構。 | To implement the military strategic guideline of active defense in the new situation, China's armed forces will uphold the following principles: -- To be subordinate to and in the service of the national strategic goal, implement the holistic view of national security, strengthen PMS, prevent crises, deter and win wars; -- To foster a strategic posture favorable to China's peaceful development, adhere to the national defense policy that is defensive in nature, persevere in close coordination of political, military, economic and diplomatic work, and positively cope with comprehensive security threats the country possibly encounters; -- To strike a balance between rights protection and stability maintenance, and make overall planning for both, safeguard national territorial sovereignty and maritime rights and interests, and maintain security and stability along China's periphery; -- To endeavor to seize the strategic initiative in military struggle, proactively plan for military struggle in all directions and domains, and grasp the opportunities to accelerate military building, reform and development; -- To employ strategies and tactics featuring flexibility and mobility, give full play to the overall effectiveness of joint operations, concentrate superior forces, and make integrated use of all operational means and methods; -- To make serious preparations to cope with the most complex and difficult scenarios, uphold bottom-line thinking, and do a solid job in all aspects so as to ensure proper responses to such scenarios with ease at any time and in any circumstances; -- To bring into full play the unique political advantages of the people's armed forces, uphold the CPC's absolute leadership over the military, accentuate the cultivation of fighting spirit, enforce strict discipline, improve the professionalism and strength of the troops, build closer relations between the government and the military as well as between the people and the military, and boost the morale of officers and men; -- To give full play to the overall power of the concept of people's war, persist in employing it as an ace weapon to triumph over the enemy, enrich the contents, ways and means of the concept of people's war, and press forward with the shift of the focus of war mobilization from human resources to science and technology; and -- To actively expand military and security cooperation, deepen military relations with major powers, neighboring countries and other developing countries, and promote the establishment of a regional framework for security and cooperation. |
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